Difference between revisions of "Diffraction"

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[[File:WaveDiffraction.jpg|thumb|400px|center|Wave diffraction around the tip of a breakwater. Image Google Earth.]]
 
[[File:WaveDiffraction.jpg|thumb|400px|center|Wave diffraction around the tip of a breakwater. Image Google Earth.]]
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==Notes==
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Wave diffraction at an obstacle illustrates Huygens' principle, which states that every point of a wavefront is a source of waves radiating from this point. This principle holds for all types of wave propagation, including water waves. In this view, wave propagation into a semi-closed area is the interference sum of all the waves that propagate radially from a wave front at the open boundary into this area.
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The theoretical derivation of the wave diffraction pattern is generally not simple because wave conditions at the boundaries of the obstacle have to be taken into account, as well as conditions at the boundaries of the area in which waves are propagating and the effects of bathymetric wave refraction and wave transformation in shallow water. Design studies of breakwaters or other structures in nearshore waters make generally use of physical scale models or numerical models for determining the wave diffraction pattern.   
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A theoretical derivation of wave diffraction around simple structures in the ideal case of small shallow-water waves in areas of uniform depth (applying linear wave theory) has been given by Penney and Price (1952)<ref> Penny, W.G. and Price, A.T. 1952. The Diffraction Theory of Sea Waves by Breakwater and the Shelter Afforded by Breakwaters. Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. A vol. 244: 253-263</ref>.
  
  
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# [[Shallow-water wave theory]]
 
# [[Shallow-water wave theory]]
 
# [[Waves]]
 
# [[Waves]]
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==References==
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<references/>

Revision as of 16:49, 16 September 2022



Definition of Diffraction:
Process by which wave energy is transmitted, radiated and dissipated when the wave is bending around an obstacle such as an island or a breakwater in order to propagate into the sheltered region.
This is the common definition for Diffraction, other definitions can be discussed in the article


Wave diffraction around the tip of a breakwater. Image Google Earth.

Notes

Wave diffraction at an obstacle illustrates Huygens' principle, which states that every point of a wavefront is a source of waves radiating from this point. This principle holds for all types of wave propagation, including water waves. In this view, wave propagation into a semi-closed area is the interference sum of all the waves that propagate radially from a wave front at the open boundary into this area.

The theoretical derivation of the wave diffraction pattern is generally not simple because wave conditions at the boundaries of the obstacle have to be taken into account, as well as conditions at the boundaries of the area in which waves are propagating and the effects of bathymetric wave refraction and wave transformation in shallow water. Design studies of breakwaters or other structures in nearshore waters make generally use of physical scale models or numerical models for determining the wave diffraction pattern.

A theoretical derivation of wave diffraction around simple structures in the ideal case of small shallow-water waves in areas of uniform depth (applying linear wave theory) has been given by Penney and Price (1952)[1].


See also

  1. Wave transformation
  2. Shallow-water wave theory
  3. Waves


References

  1. Penny, W.G. and Price, A.T. 1952. The Diffraction Theory of Sea Waves by Breakwater and the Shelter Afforded by Breakwaters. Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. A vol. 244: 253-263