Difference between revisions of "Instrument characteristics of point-integrating suspended load samplers"

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The most important characteristics of the point-integrating suspended load samplers are summarized. The results are presented in Figure 1. Hereafter, some of the characteristics are discussed.
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This article is a summary of section 5.2 of the [[Manual Sediment Transport Measurements in Rivers, Estuaries and Coastal Seas]]<ref>Rijn, L. C. van (1986). ''Manual sediment transport measurements''. Delft, The Netherlands: Delft Hydraulics Laboratory</ref>. This article provides insight in some characteristics of point-integrating [[suspended load]] samplers. Methods to sample [[suspended load]], which are not discussed here are depth-integrating sampling methods ([[USD-49 depth-integrating sampler]] and [[Collapsible-Bag depth-integrating sampler]]).  
  
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==Characteristics==
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The most important characteristics of the point-integrating [[suspended load]] samplers are summarized in Figure 1. Below, some of the characteristics are discussed.
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[[Image:H52figure1.jpg|thumb|700px|centre|Figure 1: Instrument characteristics]]
  
==Sampling period==
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===Sampling period===
 
 
 
The sampling period is the time period during which a sample is collected. For the bottle-type and trap-type samplers the sampling period is equal to the filling period of the bottle or trap. The sampling period of the Delft Bottle is restricted by the size of the sediment catch which should be small compared with the size of the sedimentation chamber of the instrument. The sampling period of the pump-filter sampler is restricted by the filter characteristics. A small 50 um-filter may be blocked rather easily, especially in a silty environment. The sampling period of the optical and acoustical samplers is free. For time-averaging additional equipment should be used allowing a digital reading.
 
The sampling period is the time period during which a sample is collected. For the bottle-type and trap-type samplers the sampling period is equal to the filling period of the bottle or trap. The sampling period of the Delft Bottle is restricted by the size of the sediment catch which should be small compared with the size of the sedimentation chamber of the instrument. The sampling period of the pump-filter sampler is restricted by the filter characteristics. A small 50 um-filter may be blocked rather easily, especially in a silty environment. The sampling period of the optical and acoustical samplers is free. For time-averaging additional equipment should be used allowing a digital reading.
  
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===Minimum cycle period===
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The minimum cycle period is the minimum time period between two successive measurements at adjacent points in a vertical. In case of a free sampling period a minimum sampling period of about 5 minutes is used to obtain the minimum cycle period, as given in Figure 1. The cycle period can be used to evaluate the time period needed to cover a full concentration profile measurement. In case of tidal flow conditions this latter period should be small in relation to the tidal period.
  
==Minimum cycle period==
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===Overall accuracy===
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The overall accuracy is an estimate of the overall error of a single measurement due to (systematic and random) measuring errors and stochastic (fluctuation) errors related to the physical process. The latter errors are introduced by the stochastic fluctuations of the physical parameters to be measured. For example, single bottle-measurements may have an error of about 100%. This error can be reduced by using a larger sampling period or by collecting more samples. The overall accuracy of the samplers with a free sampling period, as presented in Figure 1, is based on a relatively long sampling period (say 5 minutes). The accuracy of the optical and acoustical samplers is largely dependent on the number and accuracy of the calibration samples.
  
The minimum cycle period is the minimum time period between two successive measurements at adjacent points in a vertical. In case of a free sampling period a minimum sampling period of about 5 minutes is used to obtain the minimum cycle period, as given in Figure 1. The cycle period can be used to evaluate the time period needed to cover a full concentration profile measurement. In case of tidal flow conditions this latter period should be small in relation to the tidal period.
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==See also==
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===Summaries of the manual===
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* [[Manual Sediment Transport Measurements in Rivers, Estuaries and Coastal Seas]]
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* Chapter 1: [[Introduction, problems and approaches in sediment transport measurements]]
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* Chapter 2:  [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
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* Chapter 3: [[Principles, statistics and errors of measuring sediment transport]]
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* Chapter 4: [[Computation of sediment transport and presentation of results]]
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* Chapter 5: [[Measuring instruments for sediment transport]]
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* Chapter 6: [[Measuring instruments for particle size and fall velocity]]
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* Chapter 7: [[Measuring instruments for bed material sampling]]
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* Chapter 8: [[Laboratory and in situ analysis of samples]]
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* Chapter 9: [[In situ measurement of wet bulk density]]
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* Chapter 10: [[Instruments for bed level detection]]
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* Chapter 11: [[Argus video]]
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* Chapter 12: [[Measuring instruments for fluid velocity, pressure and wave height]]
  
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===Other internal links===
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Examples of point-integrated [[suspended load]] samplers:
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* [[Bottle and trap samplers]]
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* [[USP-61 suspended load sampler]]
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* [[Pump samplers]]
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* [[Optical backscatter point sensor (OBS)]]
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* [[Optical Laser diffraction instruments (LISST)]]
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* [[Delft Bottle suspended load sampler]]
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* [[Acoustic backscatter profiling sensors (ABS)]]
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* [[Acoustic point sensors (ASTM, UHCM, ADV)]]
  
==Overall accuracy==
 
  
The overall accuracy is an estimate of the overall error of a single measurement due to (systematic and random) measuring errors and stochastic (fluctuation) errors related to the physical process. The latter errors are introduced by the stochastic fluctuations of the physical parameters to be measured. For example,single bottle-measurements may have an error of about 100%. This error can be reduced by using a larger sampling period or by collecting more samples. The overall accuracy of the samplers with a free sampling period, as presented in Figure 1, is based on a relatively long sampling period (say 5 minutes). The accuracy of the optical and acoustical samplers is largely dependent on the number and accuracy of the calibration samples.
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==References==
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<references/>
  
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{{author
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|AuthorID=13226
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|AuthorFullName= Rijn, Leo van
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|AuthorName=Leovanrijn}}
  
'''Figure 1: ''Instrument characteristics'''''
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{{author
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|AuthorID=12969
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|AuthorFullName= Roberti, Hans
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|AuthorName=Robertihans}}
  
[[Image:H52figure1.jpg|thumb|left]]
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[[Category:Coastal and marine observation and monitoring]]
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[[Category:Observation of physical parameters]]

Latest revision as of 15:38, 19 August 2020

This article is a summary of section 5.2 of the Manual Sediment Transport Measurements in Rivers, Estuaries and Coastal Seas[1]. This article provides insight in some characteristics of point-integrating suspended load samplers. Methods to sample suspended load, which are not discussed here are depth-integrating sampling methods (USD-49 depth-integrating sampler and Collapsible-Bag depth-integrating sampler).

Characteristics

The most important characteristics of the point-integrating suspended load samplers are summarized in Figure 1. Below, some of the characteristics are discussed.

Figure 1: Instrument characteristics

Sampling period

The sampling period is the time period during which a sample is collected. For the bottle-type and trap-type samplers the sampling period is equal to the filling period of the bottle or trap. The sampling period of the Delft Bottle is restricted by the size of the sediment catch which should be small compared with the size of the sedimentation chamber of the instrument. The sampling period of the pump-filter sampler is restricted by the filter characteristics. A small 50 um-filter may be blocked rather easily, especially in a silty environment. The sampling period of the optical and acoustical samplers is free. For time-averaging additional equipment should be used allowing a digital reading.

Minimum cycle period

The minimum cycle period is the minimum time period between two successive measurements at adjacent points in a vertical. In case of a free sampling period a minimum sampling period of about 5 minutes is used to obtain the minimum cycle period, as given in Figure 1. The cycle period can be used to evaluate the time period needed to cover a full concentration profile measurement. In case of tidal flow conditions this latter period should be small in relation to the tidal period.

Overall accuracy

The overall accuracy is an estimate of the overall error of a single measurement due to (systematic and random) measuring errors and stochastic (fluctuation) errors related to the physical process. The latter errors are introduced by the stochastic fluctuations of the physical parameters to be measured. For example, single bottle-measurements may have an error of about 100%. This error can be reduced by using a larger sampling period or by collecting more samples. The overall accuracy of the samplers with a free sampling period, as presented in Figure 1, is based on a relatively long sampling period (say 5 minutes). The accuracy of the optical and acoustical samplers is largely dependent on the number and accuracy of the calibration samples.

See also

Summaries of the manual

Other internal links

Examples of point-integrated suspended load samplers:


References

  1. Rijn, L. C. van (1986). Manual sediment transport measurements. Delft, The Netherlands: Delft Hydraulics Laboratory
The main author of this article is Rijn, Leo van
Please note that others may also have edited the contents of this article.

Citation: Rijn, Leo van (2020): Instrument characteristics of point-integrating suspended load samplers. Available from http://www.coastalwiki.org/wiki/Instrument_characteristics_of_point-integrating_suspended_load_samplers [accessed on 28-03-2024]


The main author of this article is Roberti, Hans
Please note that others may also have edited the contents of this article.

Citation: Roberti, Hans (2020): Instrument characteristics of point-integrating suspended load samplers. Available from http://www.coastalwiki.org/wiki/Instrument_characteristics_of_point-integrating_suspended_load_samplers [accessed on 28-03-2024]