Difference between revisions of "Pollution and scavengers"

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Wolhandcrab © Misjel Decleer  
 
Wolhandcrab © Misjel Decleer  
 
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Decomposers typically live on the sea floor and include species like crabs, opossum shrimps, whelks and starfish.<ref> Moore P.G., Howarth J., 1996 Foraging by marine scavengers: Effects of relatedness, bait damage and hunger. Journal of Sea Research, Volume 36, Issues 3-4, P. 267-273 </ref> They feed primary on decaying organic matter, which can often contain high concentrations of [[pollutant|pollutants]]. <ref>Voorspoels, S.; Covaci, A.; Maervoet, J.; De Meester, I.; Schepens, P. (2004). Levels and profiles of PCBs and OCPs in marine benthic species from the Belgian North Sea and the Western Scheldt Estuary. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 49(5-6): 393-404</ref>
 
This causes decomposers to have a higher pollutant contents than other [[pollution and zoobenthos|zoobenthos]]. 
 
  
Crabs, especially their larvae, appear to be vulnerable to pesticides <ref>Levinton, J.S. (2001). Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-19-514172-5. xi, 515, col. pl. pp.</ref> This vulnerability caused the crab fishery of Chesapeake Bay in the 1960s collapse due to a pesticide called keptone.  
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Decomposers typically live on the sea floor and include species like crabs, hermit crabs, whelks and starfish.<ref> Moore P.G., Howarth J., 1996 Foraging by marine scavengers: Effects of relatedness, bait damage and hunger. Journal of Sea Research, Volume 36, Issues 3-4, P. 267-273 </ref> They feed primary on decaying organic matter, which can often contain high concentrations of [[pollutant|pollutants]]. <ref>Voorspoels, S.; Covaci, A.; Maervoet, J.; De Meester, I.; Schepens, P. (2004). Levels and profiles of PCBs and OCPs in marine benthic species from the Belgian North Sea and the Western Scheldt Estuary. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 49(5-6): 393-404</ref>
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Therefore, decomposers tend to have higher pollutant contents than other [[pollution and zoobenthos|zoobenthos]]. This although they both (unlike [[pollution and marine mammals|marine mammals]] and [[pollution and sea birds|sea birds]]) also acquire a large part of their pollutants through direct contact with the water; while acquiring oxygen from the water, pollutants can be [[adsorption|adsorbed]] as well. 
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Crabs, especially their larvae, appear to be vulnerable to pesticides<ref>Levinton, J.S. (2001). Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-19-514172-5. xi, 515, col. pl. pp.</ref>, which resulted during the 1960s in the collapse of the Chesapeake Bay crab fishery, due to a pesticide called keptone.  
  
 
Below you can find some links to Belgian case studies on ecotoxicology in marine scavengers.
 
Below you can find some links to Belgian case studies on ecotoxicology in marine scavengers.
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== Case studies ==
 
== Case studies ==
  
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Case study 1: [[Common starfish can act as a bioindicator for heavy metal pollution]]<ref>Temara, A.; Skei, J.M.; Gillan, D.; Warnau, M.; Jangoux, M.; Dubois, Ph. (1998). Validation of the asteroid Asterias rubens (Echinodermata) as a bioindicator of spatial and temporal trends of Pb, Cd, and Zn contamination in the field. Mar. Environ. Res. 45(4-5): 341-356</ref>
  
Case study 1: [[Flame retardants organotin compounds and surfactants in opossum shrimps of the Scheldt estuary.]]<ref>Verslycke, T.; Vethaak, A.D.; Arijs, K.; Janssen, C.R. (2004). Flame retardants, surfactants and organotins in sediment and mysid shrimp of the Scheldt estuary (The Netherlands). Environ. Poll. 136(1): 19-31</ref>
 
 
Case study 2: [[Effects of endocrine disrupting compounds on embryonic development of opossum shrimps.]]G<ref>hekiere, A.; Fockedey, N.; Verslycke, T.; Vincx, M.; Janssen, C.R. (2007). Marsupial development in the mysid Neomysis integer (Crustacea: Mysidacea) to evaluate the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 66(1): 9-15</ref>
 
 
Case study 3: [[Common starfish can act as a bioindicator for heavy metal pollution]]<ref>Temara, A.; Skei, J.M.; Gillan, D.; Warnau, M.; Jangoux, M.; Dubois, Ph. (1998). Validation of the asteroid Asterias rubens (Echinodermata) as a bioindicator of spatial and temporal trends of Pb, Cd, and Zn contamination in the field. Mar. Environ. Res. 45(4-5): 341-356</ref>
 
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
  
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{{author
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|AuthorID=19826
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|AuthorFullName=Daphnis De Pooter
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|AuthorName=Daphnisd}}
  
[[Category:North Sea]]
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[[Category:Ecotoxicology]]
 
[[Category:Coastal and marine pollution]]
 
[[Category:Coastal and marine pollution]]

Latest revision as of 17:44, 5 November 2019

Wolhandcrab © Misjel Decleer

Decomposers typically live on the sea floor and include species like crabs, hermit crabs, whelks and starfish.[1] They feed primary on decaying organic matter, which can often contain high concentrations of pollutants. [2] Therefore, decomposers tend to have higher pollutant contents than other zoobenthos. This although they both (unlike marine mammals and sea birds) also acquire a large part of their pollutants through direct contact with the water; while acquiring oxygen from the water, pollutants can be adsorbed as well.

Crabs, especially their larvae, appear to be vulnerable to pesticides[3], which resulted during the 1960s in the collapse of the Chesapeake Bay crab fishery, due to a pesticide called keptone.

Below you can find some links to Belgian case studies on ecotoxicology in marine scavengers.

Case studies

Case study 1: Common starfish can act as a bioindicator for heavy metal pollution[4]


References

  1. Moore P.G., Howarth J., 1996 Foraging by marine scavengers: Effects of relatedness, bait damage and hunger. Journal of Sea Research, Volume 36, Issues 3-4, P. 267-273
  2. Voorspoels, S.; Covaci, A.; Maervoet, J.; De Meester, I.; Schepens, P. (2004). Levels and profiles of PCBs and OCPs in marine benthic species from the Belgian North Sea and the Western Scheldt Estuary. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 49(5-6): 393-404
  3. Levinton, J.S. (2001). Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-19-514172-5. xi, 515, col. pl. pp.
  4. Temara, A.; Skei, J.M.; Gillan, D.; Warnau, M.; Jangoux, M.; Dubois, Ph. (1998). Validation of the asteroid Asterias rubens (Echinodermata) as a bioindicator of spatial and temporal trends of Pb, Cd, and Zn contamination in the field. Mar. Environ. Res. 45(4-5): 341-356
The main author of this article is Daphnis De Pooter
Please note that others may also have edited the contents of this article.

Citation: Daphnis De Pooter (2019): Pollution and scavengers. Available from http://www.coastalwiki.org/wiki/Pollution_and_scavengers [accessed on 29-03-2024]