Property:Definition
From Coastal Wiki
This is a property of type Text. It links to pages that use the form MstConcept.
A
A poriferan larva, composed of a hollow ball of cells, with one hemisphere ciliated (Ruppert & Barnes, 1994). +
Coastal salt water habitats with no surface connection to the sea. +
E.g. ''Ceratium'' spp. +
Having flagellate gametes of different size, shape or behaviour (from Bold, 1977 and Lincoln ''et al.'', 1998). +
Breeds every year but in one or more discrete periods initiated by some trigger (for example a lunar cycle). +
Breeds every year over an extended or drawn out period. +
Reproduction via single cells /eggs that are derived by mitosis (Barnes ''et al.'', 1993) - amictic. +
Swimming is effected one or more pairs of appendages (legs or paddles) e.g. the pleiopods of Isopod, Amphipod or Decapod crustaceans, or the legs of amphibious vertebrates. +
Alien and potentially invasive species that have accidentally escaped from containment/ aquaculture facility into the wild. +
Alien and potentially invasive species that have been intentionally introduced for aquaculture. +
Where the species alters boat traffic or impedes ability of boats to navigate waterways. +
a crystalline form of calcium carbonate, e.g. one of the constituents of mollusc shells. +
Having the shape or characteristics of a tree. +
Specialist - sea urchins +
Traits that describe specialized limbs or appendages used to catch or process food items. +
Haploid males develop from unfertilized eggs and diploid females from fertilized eggs (adapted from Lincoln 'et al.'', 1998). +
Jointed, arthrous (Holmes, 1979). +
E.g. wood, metal or concrete structures. +
A free-swimming tadpole-like larva of ascidians, characterized by a head (bearing internal organs and adhesive papilla) and tail (with notochord and neural tube) (Stachowitsch, 1992). +
Reproduction not involving the exchange of genetic material, amictic, individuals derived form a single parent (Barnes ''et al.'', 2006); not involving the fusion of gametes (Lincoln ''et al.'', 1998) +
Attached to the sediment surface e.g. by mucilagenous sheath such as used by necklace shells, and opistobranchs +
First free-swimming larval stage of the Holothuroidea. It is characterized by a continuous and curving flagellated band (Stachowitsch, 1992). +
Obligate self-fertilization (Lincoln ''et al.'', 1998) in which haploid eggs /gametes are produced by meiosis but diploidy is restored without fertilization. +
Self-feeding. An organism capable of synthesizing complex organic substances from simple inorganic substrates (Lincoln ''et al.'', 1998). +
B
Use of a length of silk to be carried by the wind (e.g. spiders) +
Occupying the ocean floor from ca 200 - 4000 m depth (Lincoln ''et al.'', 1998). +
Extends from ca 1000-2500 m. +
An organism that lives in large aggregations or beds (e.g. brittlestars, mussels, oysters, ''Crepidula'' etc, sea squirts) +
Any stable hard substratum, not separated into boulders or smaller sediment units. Includes soft rock-types such as chalk, peat and clay. (Hiscock ''et al.'', 1999; MarLIN) +
A zone of open water extending ca 100 m above the surface of the sea bed at all depths below the edge of the continental shelf. +
30-36 psu +
5-<10 psu +
0.5-<3 psu +
18-<25 psu +
Breeds every second year but in one or more discrete periods initiated by some trigger (for example a lunar cycle). +
Breeds once every two years over an extended or drawn out period. +
Where an introduction of a bio-control agent results in an unintentional introduction of an invasive species (which is carried directly on the bio-control agent itself or along with habitat material associated with the bio-control agent). +
Where a species (i.e. a bio-control agent) introduced to control a pest, weed or invasive species becomes a problem itself. +
Organisms whose activities that cause constant and random local sediment biomixing over short distances resulting in transport of sediment particles, analogous to molecular or eddy diffusion (from Kristensen ''et al.'', 2012). Includes epifaunal biodiffusers e.g. fiddler crabs; surficial biodiffusers e.g. ''Echinocardium''; and gallery biodiffusers e.g. ''Nereis (Hediste) diversicolor''. +
An elevated structure on the seabed built by calcareous or other concretion-forming organisms, or by chemical precipitation (Hiscock, 1996); for example by ''Modiolus modiolus'' or ''Sabellaria alveolata'' +
First of the two free-swimming larval forms in the asteroids, characterized by a ciliary band and the presence of arm-like projections (Stachowitsch, 1992; Ruppert & Barnes, 1994). +
Europe is home to more than 500 wild bird species. But at least 32 % of the EU's bird species are currently not in a good conservation status. The Birds Directive aims to protect all of the 500 wild bird species naturally occurring in the European Union. +
194 species and sub-species are particularly threatened. Member States must designate Special Protection Areas (SPAs) for their survival and all migratory bird species. +
82 bird species can be hunted. However, the hunting periods are limited and hunting is forbidden when birds are at their most vulnerable: during their return migration to nesting areas, reproduction and the raising of their chicks. +
Overall, activities that directly threaten birds, such as their deliberate killing, capture or trade, or the destruction of their nests, are banned. With certain restrictions, Member States can allow some of these activities for 26 species listed here. +
The directive provides for the sustainable management of hunting but Member States must outlaw all forms of non-selective and large scale killing of birds, especially the methods listed in this annex. +
