Property:Definition
From Coastal Wiki
This is a property of type Text. It links to pages that use the form MstConcept.
B
Occupying the ocean floor from ca 200 - 4000 m depth (Lincoln ''et al.'', 1998). +
Extends from ca 1000-2500 m. +
An organism that lives in large aggregations or beds (e.g. brittlestars, mussels, oysters, ''Crepidula'' etc, sea squirts) +
Any stable hard substratum, not separated into boulders or smaller sediment units. Includes soft rock-types such as chalk, peat and clay. (Hiscock ''et al.'', 1999; MarLIN) +
A zone of open water extending ca 100 m above the surface of the sea bed at all depths below the edge of the continental shelf. +
30-36 psu +
5-<10 psu +
0.5-<3 psu +
18-<25 psu +
Breeds every second year but in one or more discrete periods initiated by some trigger (for example a lunar cycle). +
Breeds once every two years over an extended or drawn out period. +
Where an introduction of a bio-control agent results in an unintentional introduction of an invasive species (which is carried directly on the bio-control agent itself or along with habitat material associated with the bio-control agent). +
Where a species (i.e. a bio-control agent) introduced to control a pest, weed or invasive species becomes a problem itself. +
Organisms whose activities that cause constant and random local sediment biomixing over short distances resulting in transport of sediment particles, analogous to molecular or eddy diffusion (from Kristensen ''et al.'', 2012). Includes epifaunal biodiffusers e.g. fiddler crabs; surficial biodiffusers e.g. ''Echinocardium''; and gallery biodiffusers e.g. ''Nereis (Hediste) diversicolor''. +
An elevated structure on the seabed built by calcareous or other concretion-forming organisms, or by chemical precipitation (Hiscock, 1996); for example by ''Modiolus modiolus'' or ''Sabellaria alveolata'' +
First of the two free-swimming larval forms in the asteroids, characterized by a ciliary band and the presence of arm-like projections (Stachowitsch, 1992; Ruppert & Barnes, 1994). +
Europe is home to more than 500 wild bird species. But at least 32 % of the EU's bird species are currently not in a good conservation status. The Birds Directive aims to protect all of the 500 wild bird species naturally occurring in the European Union. +
194 species and sub-species are particularly threatened. Member States must designate Special Protection Areas (SPAs) for their survival and all migratory bird species. +
82 bird species can be hunted. However, the hunting periods are limited and hunting is forbidden when birds are at their most vulnerable: during their return migration to nesting areas, reproduction and the raising of their chicks. +
Overall, activities that directly threaten birds, such as their deliberate killing, capture or trade, or the destruction of their nests, are banned. With certain restrictions, Member States can allow some of these activities for 26 species listed here. +
The directive provides for the sustainable management of hunting but Member States must outlaw all forms of non-selective and large scale killing of birds, especially the methods listed in this annex. +
The directive promotes research to underpin the protection, management and use of all species of birds covered by the Directive, which are listed in this annex. +
Mouth parts designed to grasp and macerate food before swallowing (e.g. most vertebrates) +
Mouth parts designed to pierce outside of food or prey and feed on internal fluids or tissues +
Organisms that live in 'I' or 'J' shaped burrows open at only one end where water is drawn through or diffuses out of the sediment e.g. ''Arenicola marina'' (adapted from Kristensen ''et al.'', 2012). +
Build up or accumulation of sediment. +
Maerl; twig-like unattached (free-living) calcareous red algae, often a mixture of species and including species which form a spiky cover on loose small stones - 'hedgehog stones'. +
A measurement of the size of the organism. Note - the measurement used to express body size varies within taxonomic groups. For example, some disciplines measure diameter, others carapace length, total body length or wing span. Also body size can vary with gender and life stage. +
Maximum recorded linear body length (in millimetres) excluding appendages. +
Species that have been intercepted at borders as a result of detection procedures. +
The second the two free-swimming larval forms in the asteroids, characterized by the appearance of three adhesive arms at the anterior end (Ruppert & Barnes, 1994; Stachowitsch, 1992). +
0.5-<30 psu +
Both gametes are expelled (spawned) from the confines of the adult body or tissues, into the external fluid medium (water/air) +
Eggs retained by adult, usually in specialised cavity/appendage where the eggs develop to larval or juvenile stage +
Feeding on parts of plants (e.g. shoots, leaves, twigs) or parts of other organisms (e.g. siphon nipping by fish). (Lincoln ''et al.'', 1998). +
The buccal cavity lacks obvious differentiation of the wall and it is not eversible. Some species if buccal cavity present at all, is only a transient larval structure and becomes completely occluded. +
A form of asexual multiplication in which a new individual begins life as an outgrowth from the body of the parent. It may then separate to lead an independent existence or remain connected or otherwise associated to form a colonial organism (Barnes ''et al.'', 1993). +
Balloon or sac-like (Prescott, 1969). +
An organism that constructs permanent or semi-permanent burrows through physical excavation or chemical action. +
Occupies or shares space in burrow constructed by other organisms. +
An organism that moves through the substratum by burrowing or tunneling (e.g. earthworms, polychaetes). +
Use of a length of byssus thread (e.g. micro-molluscs, juvenile molluscs) or mucus (e.g ''Nemertesia'' planulae) to be carried by water flow +
