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  • ...uce biotoxins. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) can occur in marine, estuarine, and fresh waters.<br> ...algal blooms: effects, environmental conditions, factors that promote HABs and management measures.
    23 KB (3,458 words) - 22:27, 12 February 2024
  • ...the 'effect chain' approach for modelling marine and coastal water quality and ecology. ...re complete food chain model, including pelagic fish, demersal fish, birds and marine mammals.
    7 KB (1,046 words) - 17:21, 7 September 2020
  • ...rope with a dynamic maritime economy, responsive to sustainable principles and in harmony with the marine environment. ...place a heavy burden on the existing educational and training institutions and resources.
    31 KB (4,532 words) - 15:32, 6 October 2021
  • ...., 24: 505-514</ref>.<br> Functional group: Groups of species with similar ecological roles/functions.}} Functional diversity refers to the variety of biological processes, functions or characteristics of a particular ecosystem in this case the [[
    11 KB (1,570 words) - 12:30, 4 March 2024
  • This article discusses global warming and the range of effects on marine systems. ...Impacts of climate change on the European marine and coastal environment: ecosystems approach.'' European Science Foundation, Marine Board: Strasbourg, France.'
    16 KB (2,428 words) - 13:04, 21 February 2024
  • ...we need marine [[spatial planning]], how it can be defined appropriately, and what benefits it can offer. It also briefly discusses some international ex ...es including recreation, mineral extraction, and more recently wind energy and offshore marine aquaculture, have started to claim their own spaces in the
    36 KB (5,342 words) - 18:20, 16 February 2024
  • |name=Job Dronkers and Justus van Beusekom|AuthorID=120| ...gative effects of eutrophication requires reduction of [[nutrient]] inputs and an ecosystem-based management strategy. The bio-geochemical cycles of nutri
    18 KB (2,538 words) - 12:37, 30 March 2022
  • ...roduction is given to management aspects, discussing threats, conservation and [[Ecosystem rehabilitation|rehabilitation]] of mangrove forests. ...ropical coasts, i.e. North and South America, Africa and Middle-East, Asia and Oceania (incl. Australia). <ref name="vliz">http://www.vliz.be/vmdcdata/man
    42 KB (6,310 words) - 17:09, 21 April 2024
  • ...stics, distribution, [[zonation]], succession, biota, threats, functioning and adaptations of the organisms that live in seagrass meadows. Seagrass communities are highly productive and dynamic [[ecosystems]]. Seagrasses are not true grasses but rooted vascular (flowering) plants o
    37 KB (5,414 words) - 20:23, 24 December 2023
  • ...ckmann, G. S., Sea ice. An introduction to its physics, chemistry, biology and geology. Blackwell Science, pp 1-21</ref>. ...nology, and methodology. Polar Biol 12:417-427</ref>. Land-fast ice forms and remains fast along the coast, attached to the shore or grounded to a shallo
    17 KB (2,538 words) - 23:36, 22 February 2024
  • ==What are ecological thresholds?== ...heffer, 2009<ref name=S9>Scheffer, M. 2009. Critical transitions in nature and society. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA</ref>). Th
    13 KB (1,919 words) - 12:33, 2 March 2024
  • ==Background and definition== ...goods and services provided to people by [[biodiversity]] and [[Ecosystem| ecosystems]] (Secretariat of the Convention for Biological Diversity, 2000). According
    20 KB (2,938 words) - 17:27, 15 February 2024
  • ...vention, detection and mitigation''' are listed in the [[:Category:Coastal and marine pollution]]. ...most coastal countries, through regulations and the organisation of alert and protection systems.
    26 KB (3,940 words) - 16:24, 20 February 2024
  • ...cal and subtropical coastline (McLeod & Salm, 2006<ref name="M">McLeod, E. and R.V. Salm. 2006. Managing Mangroves for Resilience to Climate Change. IUCN, ===[http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/j1533e/J1533E00.htm '''Status and Trends''']===
    15 KB (2,216 words) - 16:51, 3 September 2020
  • ...tion]] is required to sustain fisheries in many intensively fished coastal ecosystems. ...gs1998">Jennings, S. and Kaiser, M. 1998. The effects of fishing on marine ecosystems. Adv. Mar. Biol. 34: 201-352</ref>.
    33 KB (4,853 words) - 13:29, 1 February 2024
  • ...rvation issues throughout Europe including Scandinavia, the Atlantic coast and in the Mediterranean. ...Sand Dune Inventory of Europe, 2nd Edition''. National Coastal Consultants and EUCC - The Coastal Union, in association with the IGU Coastal Commission.</
    30 KB (4,524 words) - 12:53, 23 June 2022
  • ==Thresholds and Marine Policies== ...ways that are unpredictable and that defy the best intentions of policies and policy makers.
    9 KB (1,369 words) - 15:54, 7 October 2021
  • ...the articles [[Seaweed (macro-algae) ecosystem services]] and [[Diversity and classification of marine benthic algae]]. ...erg, T., Krumhansl, K., Filbee-Dexter, K. and Pedersen, M. F. 2019. Status and trends for the world’s kelp forests, in World seas: An environmental eval
    8 KB (1,235 words) - 18:37, 18 February 2024
  • ...bution, evolution, adaptations, [[zonation]], succession, biota, functions and threats of the organisms that live in saltmarshes. ...s]], dissolved [[nutrient]]s, [[plankton]] and small fishes are flushed in and out the saltmarshes.
    28 KB (4,120 words) - 21:17, 24 April 2024
  • ...and to define specific risk zones, the estimation of the expected damages and its spatial distribution is crucial in addition to the hazard analysis. Thi ...hes have been developed for hazard analysis, [[vulnerability]] assessment, and flood risk management. In order to apply some of these new methodologies, a
    25 KB (3,734 words) - 11:46, 17 February 2024

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