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• Total economic value in coastal management practice
  ...ewhere (e.g. natural protection of the hinterland, nursery for marine fish stocks, water/soil purification), for later use (by future generations) or for lan ...rvices for society. Examples are degraded water quality, depletion of fish stocks, coastal erosion, loss of biodiversity, etc. Society is not a market party
  11 KB (1,658 words) - 18:45, 3 March 2024
• DeCyDe for Sustainability Policy tool
  |Fish catches of species taken from stocks outside safe biological limits
  25 KB (3,543 words) - 21:40, 7 August 2021
• Blue carbon sequestration
  ...unds for spawning, breeding and nursery for a multitude of organisms (e.g. fish, birds), and scenic beauty. This article examines the role of CO<sub>2</sub ...Pidgeon, E. (eds.) 2014. Coastal Blue Carbon: Methods for assessing carbon stocks and emissions factors in mangroves, tidal salt marshes, and seagrasses. Con
  41 KB (6,267 words) - 13:40, 21 April 2024
• North Sea pollution from shipping: legal framework
  ...rvation and management of straddling fish stocks and highly migratory fish stocks, etc. The definition of the different maritime zones in the UNCLOS under ju
  52 KB (7,826 words) - 12:32, 12 July 2020
• UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
  ...aiming, mostly rival, and even unilateral decisions to limit the rights to fish and sail. ...st also carry out research and measurements to estimate the available fish stocks and exchange the results with other countries.
  30 KB (4,800 words) - 16:57, 1 February 2024
• Biodiversity in the European Seas
  ...North Sea. The marine ecosystems are under intense pressure from fishing, fish farming, kelp harvesting, invading species, nutrient input, recreational u ...er-fishing and match available fish resources. Most of the commercial fish stocks are outside ‘safe biological limit’ in the Atlantic area (OSPAR, 2000;
  26 KB (3,907 words) - 18:35, 21 February 2024
• Mangroves
  ...nic matter. They are very important [[habitat]]s for many species of small fish, invertebrates and various epiflora and epifauna as well as larger birds. T ...arso, D., Simpson, L. and Hernandez Trejo, H. 2020. Total ecosystem carbon stocks of mangroves across broad global environmental and physical gradients. Ecol
  42 KB (6,310 words) - 17:09, 21 April 2024
• North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC)
  ...formed to recommend measures to maintain the rational exploitation of fish stocks in the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. For further information see [http://www.
  506 bytes (70 words) - 15:20, 1 August 2019
• The tragedy of the commons: Is the Newfoundland's cod crisis a good example?
  ...stem dominated by cod and other predatory groundfish, to one in which such fish are comparatively scarce, and lower-trophic-level invertebrates more common ...eory in regards to common property. As part of this theory, assets such as fish, forest, or water resources are seen as "common property" - resources which
  9 KB (1,443 words) - 13:57, 27 December 2020
• Mariculture
  ...C, Lubchenko J, Mooney H, Troell M (2000): Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies; Nature 405, p. 1017-1024</ref>). ...-growing activity, see Fig. 1. This is due to the fact that many wild fish stocks are overfished and catches are declining (Wecker, 2006<ref name="wecker"/>)
  46 KB (6,591 words) - 18:12, 4 May 2024
• Chemical and conventional ammunition in the Baltic Sea
  ...more required conventional and chemical ammunition from German and allied stocks. Usual methods of destruction like detonation, burning or even simple empty ...her low solubility in water of about 100 to 130 mg/l – already toxic for fish at a concentration of 0.7 to 3.7 mg/l (Haas 1996<ref name=haas/>)....
  20 KB (2,900 words) - 17:22, 1 August 2020
• The Tragedy of the Commons - The Tuna Example
  </ref>. The word tragedy refers to the depletion of the common fish resources and the commons stands for common ownership, hence the absence of ...actice conservation, for they know that if they do not catch the available fish, someone else probably will<ref>Harris, Jonathan; Codur Anne-Marie; (2007)
  11 KB (1,683 words) - 13:58, 27 December 2020
• Effects of fisheries on marine biodiversity
  ...t contribute to enhancing the capacity of fisheries to exploit marine fish stocks<ref>Sumaila, U.R., Ebrahim, N., Schuhbauer, A., Skerritt, D., Li, Y., Kim, ...J.J. et al. 2003. Hundred-year decline of North Atlantic predatory fishes. Fish and Fisheries 4: 1-24</ref>.
  33 KB (4,853 words) - 13:29, 1 February 2024
• Overexploitation
  ...h overexploitation.jpg |thumb|200px|right|Fig. 1. Overexploitation of fish stocks is a major threat to marine biodiversity in Europe. Photo © OAR NURP,NOAA] ...Ye, Y. 2017. Global fishing capacity and fishing effort from 1950 to 2012. Fish and Fisheries 18: 489–505</ref>.
  14 KB (2,013 words) - 13:06, 6 March 2022
• Thermohaline circulation of the oceans
  ...C). These projected changes in the [[abundance]] and distribution of fish stocks and wildlife are just one of the issues facing fishermen, Arctic communitie
  23 KB (3,524 words) - 17:38, 22 December 2020
• Non-native species invasions
  ...st tanks found more than thousand taxa ranging from phytoplankton to small fish up to 15 cm in length (Gollash ''et al.'', 2004<ref>Gollash, S. 2004. A glo ...rez, P. 2020. Global assessment of ecological risks associated with farmed fish escapes. Global Ecology and Conservation 21, e00842</ref>). Escapees are th
  27 KB (3,914 words) - 12:54, 21 February 2024
• Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
  *spawning and nursing grounds for fish ...s marine biodiversity, at the same time supporting the recruitment of fish stocks. Additionally the re-evaluation of fishing methods and gear could reduce by
  8 KB (1,190 words) - 11:09, 25 September 2021
• EU Common Fisheries Policy
  ...for which member states are allowed to catch, what amounts of each type of fish, as well as encouraging the fishing industry by various market intervention ...outside safe biological limits and multi-annual management plans for other stocks have been established as a result of the 2002 reform of the CFP that consi
  3 KB (473 words) - 12:57, 5 October 2021
• Analysis of the ICZM process in Belgium
  ...roads; number of observed pollution incidents (oil etc.)/flight hour; fish stocks that are not being over fished. ...tourism; change in employment in fisheries and agricultural sectors; fish stocks that are not being over fished; unemployment rate.
  13 KB (1,874 words) - 16:13, 24 August 2020
• Rhode Island Salt Pond Special Area Management Plan – Case Study
  ...primarily from groundwater and surface runoff. This makes them valuable as fish and shellfish nurseries but also susceptible to [[eutrophication]] and bact *Loss of fish and wildlife habitats
  13 KB (1,954 words) - 10:13, 25 July 2020
• Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary – Case Study
  ...ver 33 species of marine mammals, over 60 species of seabirds, hundreds of fish species, thousands of invertebrate species, and dozens of marine algae and *<u>California Fish and Game Commission </u>regulates, manages, and enforces regulations over u
  12 KB (1,771 words) - 10:09, 25 July 2020
• Species extinction
  .... and Reynolds, J.D. 2003. Extinction vulnerability in marine populations. Fish and Fisheries 4: 25-64</ref>). However, for most of the reported extinction ...eported local extinctions is molluscs (31%), followed by cnidarians (22%), fish (17%) and macroalgae (15%). Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes with skele
  25 KB (3,716 words) - 18:44, 23 February 2024
• Essential Fish Habitat
  ...states to identify Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) for each federally managed fish species and then develop conservation measures to protect and enhance these ...Fishery Management Plans to determine the proper management and harvest of fish and shellfish resources within federal waters.
  5 KB (799 words) - 10:12, 25 July 2020
• Chesepeake Bay Program
  ...highlights the continued pollutant loads, habitat degradation and low fish stocks for selected species. Figure 3 highlights the progress made towards the goa ...r of environmental achievements. These include increase in the quality of fish spawning habitats that have produced improvements in the abundance of such
  14 KB (2,018 words) - 10:10, 25 July 2020
• Marine Plankton
  ...d microalgae (phytoplankton), microscopic crustacea, cnidarians, larvae of fish and other animals (zooplankton). They constitute the base of the aquatic fo ...s. Organisms that are capable of resisting the powers of currents, such as fish and squid, are referred to as nekton.
  34 KB (5,059 words) - 17:27, 25 April 2024
• Organohalogenated contaminants in harbour porpoises
  ...ental capture by fishing gear. High levels of contaminants, declining fish stocks and other [[anthropogenic]] stress factors (wind mills, sonar, shipping,...
  3 KB (453 words) - 11:57, 7 September 2020
• Pollution and pelagic fish
  ...m the water. As they form the top of the [[food chain]], large carnivorous fish will also experience problems from [[biomagnification|biomagnifying]] subst ...tended to end up in large doses in nearby bays, resulting in massive local fish mortalities. This caused fisheries for instance in Laguna Madre, a bay in T
  3 KB (459 words) - 16:33, 14 February 2024
• MarBEF World conference
  ...year, but can generate benefits in terms of improving the associated fish stocks, exceeding the costs. As the actual expenses to maintain the currently unsu
  7 KB (1,089 words) - 13:26, 21 February 2024
• Oyster reef shore protection
  ...services have been lost, including water purification, enhancement of fish stocks, carbon sequestration, enrichment of biodiversity and ecosystem stability.
  8 KB (1,247 words) - 19:38, 31 March 2024
• Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta
  ...f the coastal lagoons is their high biodiversity with an important role of fish and invertebrate populations. Those last ones are an important economical s
  24 KB (3,723 words) - 14:47, 3 August 2019
• Marine Protected Areas in Europe
  ...ts about losses in marine species, depleted populations of commercial fish stocks and increasing human pressures on marine ecosystems demand an immediate man ...sites and enhance eggs and larvae production. The abundance of overfished stocks inside as well as outside of the protected area increases. Consequently in
  20 KB (2,790 words) - 11:10, 25 September 2021
• Deep ocean observatories
  ...and salinity can also provide information on how the distribution of fish stocks may change and how our fishery strategies change as a result.
  10 KB (1,459 words) - 14:43, 7 November 2013
• Ecosystem Approach to the South African hake fishery
  ...West Coast. After WWII, improved technology and the discovery of Cape hake stocks off Namibia attracted a growing number of distant-water vessels to the sout ...s without compromising the long-term biological sustainability of the hake stocks or species caught as bycatch in the hake fishery. Management of the hake fi
  10 KB (1,372 words) - 14:45, 7 November 2013
• Ecosystem approach to marine resources (EAMR)
  ...ources by year 2010. Nations are further required to restore depleted fish stocks by 2015, and to establish representative networks of Marine Protected Areas
  8 KB (1,122 words) - 15:53, 10 September 2020
• Dynamics, threats and management of biogenic reefs
  ...biological phenomena in the German Waddensea. Symposium on North Sea fish stocks-recent changes and their causes., Aarhus (Denmark).</ref>; George and Warw ...m an invader: American slipper limpet ''Crepidula fornicate'' reduces star fish predation on basibiont European mussels. ''Hydrobiologia''. '''541(1)''', 2
  69 KB (10,049 words) - 18:34, 7 March 2023
• The European Flagship executive summary
  of subsistense for the world’s poor. Unfortunately, most (shell)fish stocks are overexploited and
  7 KB (1,053 words) - 12:14, 29 June 2020
• The Ocean provides opportunities for human health
  ...analyses of catches will provide more accurate data for understanding fish stocks and their ecological relationships. ...only of the fish and shellfish themselves, but also of byproducts, such as fish meal and oils, or even in nonfood applications <ref>DOSDAT, A., DESLOUS-PAO
  6 KB (949 words) - 12:18, 8 August 2019
• The Ocean as an economic area - a competitive Europe
  ...r knowledge and concomitant lack of management and enforcement, these fish stocks are being depleted at an alarming rate. ...ish farmers to control inbreeding and maintain the standard of their brood stocks.
  6 KB (932 words) - 12:15, 8 August 2019
• The Ocean as a unique laboratory
  ...c level. If this adaptating ability is mirrored in more “open” oceanic fish populations, then populations may not interbreed. This has major repercussi ...hores, diatoms and multicellular organisms such as tunicates, sea urchins, fish, seagrass, and macroalgae. Processes such as plant-herbivore interactions,
  8 KB (1,265 words) - 12:12, 8 August 2019
• Agenda - Marine Genomics Europe
  ...tees a minimum level of health for the poor. Unfortunatly most (shell)fish stocks are overexploited and some are close to collapse. Fisheries management fi n
  8 KB (1,219 words) - 12:06, 8 August 2019
• Marine Biotechnology in Baltic Sea basin
  ...y renewed waters, overexploitation of key fish stocks and contamination of fish by dioxin and heavy metals. The Baltic Sea has 86 protected marine areas th
  21 KB (2,953 words) - 11:19, 9 August 2019
• OSPAR eutrophication assessment
  |Toxic for fish and benthos |Toxic for fish and marine mammals
  17 KB (2,396 words) - 11:11, 20 February 2024
• Marine Biotechnology in Canada
  ...will provide the knowledge and tools for improved management of wild fish stocks, for selective breeding for the aquaculture industry and for food quality, ...forms. This technology is now being applied to regulating the labelling of fish in markets and restaurants in several countries .
  11 KB (1,498 words) - 11:21, 9 August 2019
• PEGASO indicator core set
  * [[Media:PEGASO Commercial fish stocks.pdf|Commercial fish stocks]]
  3 KB (433 words) - 21:44, 7 August 2021
• GIFS Activity 2.3 Fishing activity past and present
  ...le of fishing resources: many hatcheries, nurseries, and spawning areas of fish and invertebrate species are located in coastal zones and estuaries. In thi ...opportunities''' among Member States, based on a predictable share of the stocks for each Member State.
  27 KB (3,965 words) - 12:49, 11 October 2019
• Climate adaptation measures for the coastal zone
  ...es. In other cases, existing foreland has been embanked and converted into fish ponds, agricultural land or built-up area. For example, tidal flat reclamat ...gy. Wise management of existing sand resources is needed to preserve these stocks for their most essential uses<ref> UNEP 2022. Sand and sustainability: 10 s
  30 KB (4,609 words) - 12:46, 15 November 2023
• Study Cornwall and Scilly Isles
  ...bution to the coastal economy through the draw of the fishing boats, fresh fish to buy and eat, and the picturesque fishing villages that are so central to ...raging tourism and cultural fisheries related projects for example through fish festivals, heritage centres and art installations. In addition to securing
  13 KB (1,925 words) - 22:10, 1 August 2019
• Case study Hastings
  ...raging tourism and cultural fisheries related projects for example through fish festivals. In addition they often work to secure a higher value for catch l ...responsible for carrying out research and monitoring of fish and shellfish stocks.
  14 KB (1,997 words) - 21:49, 1 August 2019
• Case study Northern Devon
  ...). The fishery is a year round demersal fishery catching a variety of flat fish. Ray is the main catch in North Devon, accounting for 70% of all landings < ...raging tourism and cultural fisheries related projects for example through fish festivals. This is in addition to securing a higher value for catch landed
  14 KB (2,062 words) - 21:50, 1 August 2019
• Case study North Norfolk
  ...raging tourism and cultural fisheries related projects for example through fish festivals and heritage centres. In addition to securing a higher value for ...responsible for carrying out research and monitoring of fish and shellfish stocks.
  13 KB (1,935 words) - 21:50, 1 August 2019
• Fishing past and present: France
  ...le of fishing resources: many hatcheries, nurseries, and spawning areas of fish and invertebrate species are located in coastal zones and estuaries. In thi ...opportunities''' among Member States, based on a predictable share of the stocks for each Member State.
  13 KB (1,950 words) - 12:47, 11 October 2019
• Fishing past and present: The Netherlands
  ...le of fishing resources: many hatcheries, nurseries, and spawning areas of fish and invertebrate species are located in coastal zones and estuaries. In thi ...opportunities''' among Member States, based on a predictable share of the stocks for each Member State.
  13 KB (1,894 words) - 12:47, 11 October 2019
• Fishing past and present: United Kingdom
  ...le of fishing resources: many hatcheries, nurseries, and spawning areas of fish and invertebrate species are located in coastal zones and estuaries. In thi ...opportunities''' among Member States, based on a predictable share of the stocks for each Member State.
  13 KB (1,844 words) - 12:48, 11 October 2019
• Professional fishermen by foot at the Somme Bay and their governance (France)
  ...chniques used but it is also very fragile due to the dependence on natural stocks and good physical-chemical appearance of the environment. ...m and especially with the lack of an organization of the professionals who fish on the shells in the area. The whole issue is that the governance of the fi
  8 KB (1,296 words) - 20:57, 30 July 2019
• Diverse applications of macroalgae
  <u>Fish feed</u> ...n such high P levels and they would help taking the pressure off wild fish stocks.<ref name="ayoola">Ayoola, S.O. and Adedoyin, I.A. 2008. Biotechnology and
  11 KB (1,651 words) - 13:38, 20 February 2024
• Marine Biotechnology in Hawaii
  ...the Americas. It is dedicated to improving the performance of aquaculture stocks worldwide and notably intensive shrimp aquaculture projects in North Americ ...as Nenue of Giant Grouper.<ref name=giantgrou">http://www.kampachifarm.com/fish-of-the-future/</ref> Kampachi also supports the development of off-shore te
  26 KB (3,751 words) - 11:27, 9 August 2019
• Historiek Belgische zeevisserij
  |[http://www.vliz.be/en/imis?module=ref&refid=77231 UN Fish Stocks Agreement]: bepaalt plichten en verantwoordelijkheden van lidstaten ivm vis
  29 KB (4,232 words) - 16:55, 14 December 2016
• History of Belgian sea fisheries
  |The 'piscina' or 'beun' (a tank filled with sea water that kept the fish alive) is used for the first time on trawlers of Oostende |Use of [http://www.vliz.be/en/imis?module=ref&refid=39134 ice] to keep the fish fresh on board finds entrance
  28 KB (4,259 words) - 16:56, 14 December 2016
• Open ocean habitat
  ...y grazed by large [[zooplankton]] and these are on their turn consumed by fish. Herbivorous [[zooplankton]] consists mainly of foraminifera and radiolaria ...edia.org/wiki/Photophore photophores], which produce bioluminescence. Some fish have bacterial photophores in which light is produced by the metabolic acti
  14 KB (2,153 words) - 13:08, 23 February 2021
• Pressures, impacts and policy responses in European coastal zones
  ...or finfish and shellfish. Mariculture relieves the direct pressure on fish stocks, but it may have indirectly negative impacts on the marine environment. ...turbidity, to oxygen depletion and to more frequent harmful algae blooms. Fish farmers strongly apprehend harmful algae blooms, which can destroy the yiel
  20 KB (2,992 words) - 20:35, 18 January 2022
• Multifunctionality and Valuation in coastal zones: introduction
  ...n of Fisheries must consider the [[Economic Value|economic value]] of fish stocks which can be withdrawn in a determined period. Furthermore, evaluating fish ...are transformed and marine ecosystems altered by overexploitation of fish stocks, but implies the impoverishment of an important social knowledge base on co
  15 KB (2,274 words) - 18:44, 21 February 2024
• Marine Sciences for a Sustainable Future
  of subsistense for the world’s poor. Unfortunately, most (shell)fish stocks are overexploited and
  9 KB (1,283 words) - 15:58, 10 September 2020
• EU legislation for coast and sea
  To conserve fish stocks and reduce overfishing in order to provide EU citizens with a long-term sta The CFP provides a comprehensive legal framework, including: fish stock management at maximum sustainable yield, landing obligation, multiann
  21 KB (3,017 words) - 20:10, 8 October 2021
• Definitions of marine ecological terms
  In a stock, a group of fish generated during the same spawning season and born during the same time per ...emperate areas, where fish are long-lived, a cohort corresponds usually to fish born during the same year (a year class).
  39 KB (5,335 words) - 13:31, 6 March 2022
• Governance policies for a blue bio-economy
  ...se quota shares. As the economic value of quota shares increases when fish stocks are well managed (higher TAC), ITQ shares create an economic incentive for
  15 KB (2,228 words) - 12:39, 21 April 2024
• Plankton remote sensing North Sea
  ...ly significant consequences for the North Sea ecosystem including its fish stocks. ...of these blooms are harmful to other marine organisms, e.g. to mussels or fish, and can severely damage maricultures.
  12 KB (1,838 words) - 18:29, 12 February 2024