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• ICZM-Best practice case study in the Bay of Luebeck
  ...(Editors), Baltic Coastal Ecosystems: Structure, function and coastal zone management. Central Eastern development Studies. Springer, Berlin, pp. 377-388.</ref>) ...y are called Timmendorfer Strand and Scharbeutz and they are two respected coastal holiday resorts.
  13 KB (1,840 words) - 16:14, 24 August 2020
• Characteristics of muddy coasts
  ...occurs in tropical climates where rivers supply abundant fine material to coastal zone (CZ). Wave exposure is normally low to moderate; the tidal regime can ...can cause severe problems, decreasing biodiversity and causing erosion and flooding.
  9 KB (1,308 words) - 15:59, 15 May 2021
• Definitions of coastal terms
  ...tly used in the Coastal Wiki. The focus is on terms related to '''physical coastal processes and engineering'''. A complementary list of definitions related t ...tions are based on the related Coastal Wiki articles. Terms related to the coastal profile are illustrated in the figure below.
  79 KB (11,862 words) - 21:40, 1 April 2024
• Human causes of coastal erosion
  ...lternating phases of erosion and accretion. [[Definitions of coastal terms#Coastal erosion|Structural erosion or accretion]] can only happen in response to st ...ment guidelines. DHI https://www.dhigroup.com/marine-water/ebook-shoreline-management-guidelines</ref>.
  29 KB (4,651 words) - 22:27, 2 July 2022
• Dune stabilisation
  [[Dune]]s are a natural coastal feature on moderately exposed and exposed coasts. [[Dune]]s are formed by t ...y flexible buffer zone, which protects the hinterland from [[erosion]] and flooding. The eroded material supplies material to the littoral budget minimising th
  9 KB (1,306 words) - 19:25, 1 August 2023
• Seawall
  ...astal erosion and other damage due to wave action and storm surge, such as flooding. Seawalls are normally very massive structures because they are designed to ...cation of the coastline, but it will not arrest the ongoing erosion in the coastal profile. On the contrary, it will to a varying degree, accelerate the erosi
  3 KB (523 words) - 13:06, 30 December 2022
• Revetment
  ...the definition of a seawall, however a revetment does not protect against flooding. Furthermore, a revetment is often a supplement to other types of protectio ...tments]]: article on the effectiveness of seawalls and revetments to solve coastal engineering problems.
  1 KB (179 words) - 11:46, 30 March 2021
• Shore nourishment
  ...of coastal nourishments requires insight into the processes that shape the coastal profile. For an introduction to these processes, the reader is referred to ...ource (borrow area) at a sufficient distance from the project area so that coastal hydrodynamics remain unaffected.
  12 KB (1,875 words) - 15:32, 23 July 2023
• Sea defence
  ...rtificial dunes<ref name=”Karsten”>Mangor, Karsten. 2004. “Shoreline Management Guidelines”. DHI Water and Environment, 294pp.</ref>. ...e plants and animals occurring there.See also the article [[threats to the coastal zone]].
  1 KB (159 words) - 19:21, 9 February 2019
• Coastline
  ...ion that designates the boundary between land and sea for use in shoreline management, see the article [[Shoreline]]. * providing a representative estimate of trends in coastal erosion or coastal accretion;
  6 KB (879 words) - 17:04, 26 August 2022
• Dune
  {{Definition|title= Subaerial coastal sand dunes ...ible sand reservoir<ref name="Karsten">Mangor, Karsten. 2004. “Shoreline Management Guidelines”. DHI Water and Environment, 294pp.</ref>.
  2 KB (268 words) - 13:49, 2 February 2023
• Sea level rise
  ...m average sea-level rise relative to the local land level, as derived from coastal tide gauges. }} ...s the rising trend averaged over longer periods, which is observed at many coastal stations since more than a century. Global warming due to human emissions o
  41 KB (6,164 words) - 16:08, 21 January 2024
• Shoreline management
  {{Definition|title=Shoreline management ...ment guidelines. DHI https://www.dhigroup.com/marine-water/ebook-shoreline-management-guidelines</ref>:
  38 KB (5,697 words) - 22:31, 2 July 2022
• Foresight project, UK
  ...ticle presents an overview of a major UK study: The UK Foresight Flood and Coastal Defence Project (2004). It summarises the aims and scope of the project, th ...e the best available science to provide a challenging vision for flood and coastal defence in the UK between 2030 and 2100 and so inform long-term policy.
  3 KB (532 words) - 15:10, 22 July 2019
• Threats to the coastal zone
  ...from human activities and pressures. It discusses generic modifications to coastal [[ecosystem]]s in relation to specific human activities and introduces the ...re and acidity and the increase of the estimated cumulative impact for the coastal zones was estimated to be due for more than 80% to increasing sea surface t
  27 KB (4,061 words) - 18:28, 21 February 2024
• Total economic value in coastal management practice
  ...f inspiration for painters and poets). A key notion for valuation is that coastal zones are a so-called 'scarce resource', with limited availability and comp ...extent to which the use positively or negatively affects the value of the coastal zone. But what is that value and how can it be determined?
  11 KB (1,658 words) - 18:45, 3 March 2024
• Risk and coastal zone policy: example from the Netherlands
  ...e Netherlands is further elaborated and after that a brief overview of the Coastal zone policy in the Netherlands is given. ...y of occurrence. The level of the flood defence also on the value in the [[coastal hinterland|hinterland]]. Besides the design level, a probability of failure
  14 KB (2,223 words) - 20:01, 18 September 2023
• Blue carbon sequestration
  ...Blue Carbon’ refers to the carbon sequestered by the world’s ocean or coastal vegetated ecosystems. }} ...he 19th century<ref>Li, X., Bellerby, R., Craft, C. and Widney, S.E. 2018. Coastal wetland loss, consequences, and challenges for restoration. Anthropocene Co
  41 KB (6,267 words) - 13:40, 21 April 2024
• Dune erosion
  ...]]. The coastal dune belt in many cases protects low-lying hinterland from flooding by the sea. Dune erosion therefore can be a serious threat. ...places<ref>Den Heijer, C. 2013. The role of bathymetry, wave obliquity and coastal curvature in dune erosion prediction. PhD Thesis, Delft University</ref>.
  42 KB (6,534 words) - 12:05, 15 November 2023
• French case studies: RESPONSE project
  ...of the LIFE Environment / RESPONSE project '''Impact of climate change on coastal risks'''. ...re likely to be put at risk, and underlining critical points in regards to coastal risk and climate change.
  3 KB (413 words) - 16:39, 1 August 2019
• Case study: Applying ASMITA to UK estuaries
  ...al coastal defences, protecting the low lying land surround estuaries from flooding. Estuaries may also be used for recreational activities such as sailing, f ...nd morphologies of estuaries can lead to complex and sometimes conflicting management demands. In order to manage estuaries effectively it is important to be abl
  7 KB (1,063 words) - 11:37, 13 November 2021
• Global Forum of Oceans, Coasts and Islands
  ...onomic Zone already have limited capacity to manage those zones, and these management issues will only be compounded by [[climate change]]. ...global impacts, to monitoring and management approaches across vulnerable coastal and marine [[ecosystems]], and to the benefits as well as the risks of [[cl
  16 KB (2,281 words) - 16:59, 1 August 2019
• Coastal management
  {{Definition|title=coastal management ...rated coastal zone management]], both stressing the interrelated nature of coastal [[ecosystems]] with each other and the cross-cutting implications of human
  2 KB (294 words) - 12:49, 8 October 2021
• Birds Directive, Habitats Directive, NATURA 2000
  * Encourage the management of features of the landscape which are essential for the migration, dispers ...changes in annual and seasonal precipitation, desertification, erosion and flooding; and this will in turn affect birds, protected habitats and conservation ar
  7 KB (1,054 words) - 15:00, 7 October 2021
• Stakeholder analysis
  ...t. It provides an introduction to a new qualitative approach to developing management strategies through a [[Problem structuring in decision-making processes|str ...cess of a project or a planning process. When an [[Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)]] process is launched, this requires the involvement of any relevant
  7 KB (1,007 words) - 17:34, 13 July 2020
• Light revetments built-in into artificial dunes
  ...Maritime Offices (in Gdynia, Słupsk and Szczecin) has the Inspectorate of Coastal Protection, responsible for defence measures undertaken at individual shore ...f Parliament of Republic of Poland (2003) on establishment of long term ‘Coastal Protection Program’ (see [[Policy in Poland]])</ref>).
  4 KB (532 words) - 13:45, 16 February 2024
• Biodiversity in the European Seas
  ...surface area of 750 000 km². It is rather a young ecosystem formed by the flooding of a landmass some 20 000 years ago. Its coast and waters are still being c ...fects of fisheries on marine biodiversity|fisheries]], [[Eutrophication in coastal environments|eutrophication]], offshore industry, maritime traffic, industr
  26 KB (3,907 words) - 18:35, 21 February 2024
• Salinization adaptation and freshwater supply for agriculture in the Dutch Delta
  ...utions, is dealt with in the article [[Groundwater management in low-lying coastal zones]]. ...omic development of the Delta region was highly stimulated. Safety against flooding is nowadays on a high standard, nonetheless [[sea level rise]] and [[climat
  15 KB (2,136 words) - 12:58, 8 October 2021
• Coastal grazing marsh
  ...dlife'', '''6/2''', 89-98.</ref> (Ward 1994), 'coastal wet grassland' and 'coastal grazing marsh'. ...ore specifically ‘coastal grazing marsh’ is applied to sites where the coastal wet grassland is derived from marine sediments (mostly those from which a [
  8 KB (1,285 words) - 14:50, 7 October 2021
• Mangroves
  ...ctioning and adaptation to habitat conditions. An introduction is given to management aspects, discussing threats, conservation and [[Ecosystem rehabilitation|re ...tal Engineering 94: 47–62</ref>). Mangals therefore fulfill an important coastal protection function.
  42 KB (6,310 words) - 17:09, 21 April 2024
• Seagrass meadows
  ...ngs and seahorses. They are important for the geomorphology and ecology of coastal ecosystems through processes such as stabilizing sediments, recycling nutri ...s generally inhabit the protected shallow waters of temperate and tropical coastal areas. Seagrass can be patchy, but more often it forms large swaths of vege
  37 KB (5,414 words) - 20:23, 24 December 2023
• Coastal squeeze
  {{Definition|title=Coastal squeeze ...Pontee, N. 2013. Defining coastal squeeze: A discussion. Ocean and Coastal Management 84: 204-207</ref>}}
  7 KB (1,034 words) - 13:09, 6 March 2022
• Experiences with beach nourishments in Portugal
  ...utions. For definitions of coastal terms, see the article [[definitions of coastal terms]]. For information on different types of nourishment, see [[shore nou ===Type of coastal erosion===
  37 KB (5,937 words) - 18:06, 18 January 2022
• Spatial and temporal variability of salt marshes
  A [[Salt_marshes | salt marsh]] (Figure 1) is a tidal wetland in the upper coastal intertidal zone between salty or brackish water. They replace [[mangroves]] ...hes<ref name="Salt marsh"/>. Salt marshes protect the lowlands from marine flooding by damping storm and waves and by slowing flows pushing inland (Allen, 2000
  18 KB (2,451 words) - 18:54, 7 March 2023
• Revetments
  ...er be buried into an artificial dune. (Danish Coastal Authority<ref>Danish Coastal Authority, 1998. "Menneske, Hav, Kyst og Sand". (in Danish), (Man, Sea Coas ...cation of the coastline, but it will not arrest the ongoing erosion in the coastal profile, and the beach in front of the revetment will gradually disappear.
  6 KB (972 words) - 23:01, 26 March 2024
• Coastal protection
  {{ Definition| title = Coastal protection ...ften at the expense of losing the beach and the dynamic coastal landscape. Coastal protection often consists of hard structures such as revetments, [[#Breakwa
  2 KB (249 words) - 18:20, 7 March 2023
• Economic Value
  ...roductivity and [[biodiversity]], and the increased likelihood of drought, flooding, storm and extreme events). :[[Values of amenities in coastal zones]]
  8 KB (1,237 words) - 21:07, 2 March 2024
• Socio-economic evaluation
  [[Image:builddecision.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Figure 1. Generic flowchart for coastal project evaluation]] ...re used to assist in Coastal Management and making decisions regarding the coastal zone.
  10 KB (1,533 words) - 18:38, 3 March 2024
• Salt marshes
  In 2008 the European Union commissioned a series of Habitat Management Models for several of the more important communities. Included is a model f ...a2000/management/habitats/models_en.htm] to download a copy of the Habitat Management Model for the above community.
  28 KB (4,120 words) - 21:17, 24 April 2024
• Thermohaline circulation of the oceans
  ...meter may occur during a Southern Ocean event (Fig. 4). In many sensitive coastal areas the sea-level rise could be over 1 meter. It is important to note th ==Overview of impacts for coastal regions==
  23 KB (3,524 words) - 17:38, 22 December 2020
• Coastal defence
  Definition|title=Coastal defence ...defence]] against flooding.<ref name="CIRIA (1996)"> CIRIA (1996). ''Beach management manual''. CIRIA Report 153.</ref>.}}
  313 bytes (36 words) - 22:22, 17 September 2008
• Flood risk analysis study at the German Bight Coast
  ...results of calculating the flooding probability are used to derive [[flood|flooding]]/[[breaching]] scenarios, which up to now have been based on experience an ...ing at the German North Sea Coast combining failure probabilities of the [[coastal defence]] system with micro-scale socio-economic vulnerability analysis.
  25 KB (3,734 words) - 11:46, 17 February 2024
• IMCORE project
  IMCORE stands for Innovative Management for Europe’s Changing Coastal Resource. ...ebsite]), the €6m IMCORE project will be led by the [http://cmrc.ucc.ie/ Coastal & Marine Resources Centre] in University College Cork until its end in 2011
  10 KB (1,460 words) - 12:27, 1 August 2019
• Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM)
  |title=Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) ...isolation [https://www.natureserve.org/conservation-tools/ecosystem-based-management-tools-network]
  2 KB (266 words) - 17:30, 15 February 2024
• ICZM-Best practice case study in Western Zeelandic-Flanders
  ...euwsch-Vlaanderen, OKRA Landschapsarchitecten, Utrecht, pp. 130.</ref> the coastal region today can be divided into two different areas. The North Sea coast ( ...jt et al., 2000<ref name="k1"/>). This process should be coupled to a safe coastal protection integrating the most important economic and social concerns (ibi
  11 KB (1,569 words) - 16:12, 24 August 2020
• Coastal cities and sea level rise
  ...ulnerable to sea level rise and extreme conditions at sea. The focus is on coastal cities in low-income countries which are exposed to the greatest risks. ...d trends of the world's coastal cities and agglomerations. Ocean & Coastal Management 114; 11-20 </ref>. ]]
  51 KB (7,528 words) - 12:22, 22 January 2024
• Species extinction
  * Reclamation of coastal wetlands (mangroves, salt marshes) for economic uses * [[Hard coastal protection structures|Coastal protection structures]]
  25 KB (3,716 words) - 18:44, 23 February 2024
• US Army Corps of Engineers’ Coastal Programs
  ...], undertaking [[Flood (overflow)| flood control]] projects and regulating coastal restoration projects. ...d States. Its coastal management roles—e.g. navigation, erosion control, flooding and habitat restoration—fall under that part of the USACE mission focused
  9 KB (1,363 words) - 09:56, 25 July 2020
• Mediterranean seagrass ecosystem
  ...s species. ''P. oceanica'' beds cover between 25,000 and 50,000 km2 of the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, corresponding to 25% of the sea bottom at depth ...s: an introduction to monitoring and management. EU project Monitoring and Management of European Seagrass Beds (Publ). 88 pp. ISBN: 87-89143-21-3.</ref>).
  37 KB (5,390 words) - 17:55, 24 February 2023
• Oyster reef shore protection
  ...yster reefs at risk and recommendations for conservation, restoration, and management. Bioscience 61: 107–116</ref>. Overharvest is the mean reason for the dis The recent restoration of oyster reefs has been largely motivated by the coastal protection function they can perform, reducing the need for hard artificial
  8 KB (1,247 words) - 19:38, 31 March 2024

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