Difference between revisions of "Template:This weeks featured article"

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(→‎The Århus Convention)
(→‎Tidal flats from space)
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==The Århus Convention==
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==Tidal flats from space==
  
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This article considers the Aarhus convention. This convention has been ratified by 40 countries, mainly from the Europe and Central Asia. The Aarhus convention has also been ratified by the European Union and is an important basis for the [[Water Framework Directive]].
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[[Image:Tidal_Flats_1.jpg|thumb|right|'''Figure 1'''
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True color image of Landsat 7 (July 15th 2002 scene size 185 x 185 km) with overlayed false color image of ASTER (April 2nd 2005, scene size 60 x 60 km).]]  
  
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The [http://www.unece.org/env/pp/ Aarhus Convention] on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters was agreed by the UN Economic Commission for Europe ([http://www.unece.org/ UNECE]) in 1998. It provides certain rights for the public and imposes obligations to authorities regarding access to information and justice as well as to decision-making structures through public participation.  
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The objective of our research was to classify the different surface types of the tidal flat areas with satellite data in combination with ground truth measurements. Remote sensing has many advantages such as large coverage and the recording of multi-temporal data. Both are useful for monitoring conditions in near real time as well as detecting changes of the environment when analysing historical data. Tidal flats are unique ecosystems because of the water cover, which changes permanently with the tidal phase. They play an important role as a cleansing site for North Sea water, as a nursery for young fish and as a feeding ground for many bird species. They form a transitional zone between land and ocean. Traditional monitoring techniques of larger areas are limited by the factor time. This means that they are time-dependent and time-consuming. Due to the expanse of the tidal flat of nearly 10,000 km2, the variability of water cover and the variability of the sediment, remote sensing has become an indispensable technique. The whole German Wadden Sea can be detected under the same environmental conditions with only two scenes of the Landsat satellite, which has been an operational satellite system since 1972. Remote sensing data support mapping and monitoring programmes. They support the identification of proxi-parameters and indicators and fill the temporal gap between in-situ data and field measurements.
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It is the first international treaty which sets down "the right of every person of present and future generations to live in an environment adequate to his or her health and well-being" - however only in reference to the procedural rights the convention covers. It acknowledges that the obligation to present and future generations can be achieved only through the involvement of all stakeholders. It is advocating a new understanding for public involvement in the negotiation processes of international agreements.
 

Revision as of 15:55, 16 September 2008

Tidal flats from space

Figure 1 True color image of Landsat 7 (July 15th 2002 scene size 185 x 185 km) with overlayed false color image of ASTER (April 2nd 2005, scene size 60 x 60 km).

The objective of our research was to classify the different surface types of the tidal flat areas with satellite data in combination with ground truth measurements. Remote sensing has many advantages such as large coverage and the recording of multi-temporal data. Both are useful for monitoring conditions in near real time as well as detecting changes of the environment when analysing historical data. Tidal flats are unique ecosystems because of the water cover, which changes permanently with the tidal phase. They play an important role as a cleansing site for North Sea water, as a nursery for young fish and as a feeding ground for many bird species. They form a transitional zone between land and ocean. Traditional monitoring techniques of larger areas are limited by the factor time. This means that they are time-dependent and time-consuming. Due to the expanse of the tidal flat of nearly 10,000 km2, the variability of water cover and the variability of the sediment, remote sensing has become an indispensable technique. The whole German Wadden Sea can be detected under the same environmental conditions with only two scenes of the Landsat satellite, which has been an operational satellite system since 1972. Remote sensing data support mapping and monitoring programmes. They support the identification of proxi-parameters and indicators and fill the temporal gap between in-situ data and field measurements.

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