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• Detached shore parallel breakwaters
  ...r the construction of the coastal structures, but also for the maintenance and lifetime service as well as the rebuilding or dismantling of structures whe ...n. The higher the [[crest]] [[freeboard]], the higher the aesthetic impact and the lower the wave transmission to the shoreline is. The LCSs for shoreline
  6 KB (878 words) - 20:33, 4 July 2020
• Definitions of coastal terms
  ...the living environment is given in the article '''[[Definitions of marine ecological terms]]'''. .../www.dhigroup.com/marine-water/ebook-shoreline-management-guidelines</ref> and from the USACE Coastal Engineering Manual <ref name=CEM> USACE, 2012. Coast
  79 KB (11,862 words) - 21:40, 1 April 2024
• Shoreline management
  ...gement are <ref name="Karsten">Mangor, K., Drønen, N. K., Kaergaard, K.H. and Kristensen, N.E. 2017. Shoreline management guidelines. DHI https://www.dhi ...development activities in the coastal area follow an overall land use plan and a general environmental policy
  38 KB (5,697 words) - 22:31, 2 July 2022
• Threats to the coastal zone
  ...cations to coastal [[ecosystem]]s in relation to specific human activities and introduces the various threats resulting from poorly managed activities. ...stimated to be due for more than 80% to increasing sea surface temperature and sea level.
  27 KB (4,061 words) - 18:28, 21 February 2024
• Coastal pollution and impacts
  ...l effects and subsequent economic effects and losses from marine pollution and degradations in marine environments: Implications from the literature. Mari ...he extreme complexity of biogeochemical cycles, especially at the sea-land and sea-atmosphere interfaces.
  26 KB (3,841 words) - 16:44, 20 February 2024
• Total economic value in coastal management practice
  ...coastal zones are a so-called 'scarce resource', with limited availability and competing uses. ...r negatively affects the value of the coastal zone. But what is that value and how can it be determined?
  11 KB (1,658 words) - 18:45, 3 March 2024
• Biotopes and classification systems
  ...s based on the concept of the '''[[biotope]]'''. They can be mapped easily and changes in time in their distribution can be recorded. ...logical zone, substratum, 'features' (e.g. crevices, overhangs, rockpools) and 'modifiers' (e.g. sand-scour, wave-surge, substratum mobility).
  17 KB (2,420 words) - 13:14, 6 March 2022
• Transport and dispersion of pollutants, nutrients, tracers in mixed nearshore water
  ...lutants, nutrients and tracers in mixed nearshore water''' can have direct and indirect consequences for the marine [[ecosystem]]s. ...tant]]s have been found along coastal regions far from the coastal source, and noticeable impacts have been detected even in deep sea regions.
  19 KB (2,775 words) - 16:03, 7 October 2021
• Blue carbon sequestration
  ...fers to the carbon sequestered by the world’s ocean or coastal vegetated ecosystems. }} ..., R., Craft, C. and Widney, S.E. 2018. Coastal wetland loss, consequences, and challenges for restoration. Anthropocene Coasts 1: 1–15</ref>.
  41 KB (6,267 words) - 13:40, 21 April 2024
• Nutrient conversion in the marine environment
  ...ses involved in the conversion of the main nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon. ...<ref name=”Rendell1993”>Rendell, A. R., Ottley, C. J., Jickells, T. D. and Harrison, R. M. 1993. The atmospheric input of nitrogen species to the Nort
  26 KB (3,923 words) - 20:02, 4 August 2023
• Environmental risk assessment of marine activities
  ...ent (EcoRA) of Marine activities'''. We first describe the general aspects and steps of the ERA process that most risk assessments are confronted with. Th ...osystem]] in the economic impacts assessment, extinction or total catch in ecological risk assessment.
  36 KB (5,430 words) - 20:20, 18 September 2023
• Land-ocean interaction in the coastal zone
  ...core project of the International Geosphere and Biosphere Programme (IGBP) and the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change ...ed decision making or, in other words, to protect coasts and coastal goods and services for future generations. The goal of LOICZ was:
  13 KB (1,995 words) - 17:08, 20 September 2020
• Global Forum of Oceans, Coasts and Islands
  ...common goal of encouraging the sustainable development of oceans, coasts, and islands. ==Third Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts and Islands==
  16 KB (2,281 words) - 16:59, 1 August 2019
• Convention on Biological Diversity
  ...uence of humans. It forms the web of life of which we are an integral part and upon which we so fully depend. ...characteristics). [[Biodiversity]] provides [[ecosystems|ecosystem]] goods and services that sustain our lives.
  7 KB (1,039 words) - 17:08, 27 February 2022
• The Integrated approach to Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)
  ...ique and especially fragile ecosystems, being areas of great environmental and aesthetic value. ...habitats listed in the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora Directive are coastal. Approximately a third of the Union's wetlands
  10 KB (1,378 words) - 13:00, 14 July 2020
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)
  ..., C. 1993. Essential elements of integrated coastal zone management. Ocean and Coastal Management 21:81-108</ref>. ...he terrestrial and marine components of the target territory, in both time and space”<ref>[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:200
  29 KB (3,962 words) - 20:24, 18 September 2023
• River basin management, ICZM and spatial planning
  ==Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Integrated Water Resources Management== ===The rise of Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Integrated Coastal Area and River Basin Management===
  6 KB (906 words) - 13:43, 1 August 2019
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Integrated Water Resources Management
  ...elated physical and biological processes as they operate across the marine and coastal/terestrial boundaries is central to the development of sensitive ma ===The rise of Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Integrated Coastal Area and River Basin Management===
  7 KB (991 words) - 12:30, 30 December 2020
• UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
  ...on= This Convention lays down the general obligations of states to protect and preserve the marine environment. The [http://www.un.org/Depts/los/index.htm ...political stakes, regulations about its use have been established for ages and the corpus of laws is now covering a lot of different topics.
  30 KB (4,800 words) - 16:57, 1 February 2024
• Estuary
  ..., water quality and morphology – for example: import of marine sediments and organisms, generation of a high turbidity zone, sedimentation/erosion of in ...presence of tides and a prominent system of channels and shoals (open bays and enclosed coastal seas such as the Bohai Sea or North Sea therefore do not q
  4 KB (540 words) - 13:40, 20 January 2024

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