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• Index of vulnerability of littorals to oil pollution
  | Oil can't settle because of wave reflection
  18 KB (2,637 words) - 16:47, 6 February 2024
• Groynes
  ...0.5-1.0 m above mean sea level (MSL). Groynes that are too high cause wave reflection, resulting in local scouring. Considering the shape in plan view, the groyn
  8 KB (1,248 words) - 17:16, 5 October 2021
• Definitions of coastal terms
  ...trongly dissipated in the nearshore zone cannot escape to deep water after reflection but continue travelling along the shore.
  79 KB (11,862 words) - 21:40, 1 April 2024
• Waves
  ...ves which are three-dimensional waves trapped against the [[nearshore]] by reflection and refraction and which can propagate alongshore (progressive edge waves)
  20 KB (2,992 words) - 16:09, 14 February 2024
• Wave transformation
  ...n connection with ports and the like. If the waves meet a steep structure, reflection will take place, and if the waves meet a permeable structure, partial trans
  6 KB (1,006 words) - 13:44, 22 February 2024
• Total economic value in coastal management practice
  ...ibutions to the maintenance of human health by providing opportunities for reflection, spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, re-creation and aesthetic exp
  11 KB (1,658 words) - 18:45, 3 March 2024
• Remote sensing
  ...e (for example the sunlight). The radiation emitted by an object is due to reflection, backscatter (diffuse) and re-emitted back radiation. It can provide inform [[Sunglint]], the direct reflection of the sun from the water surface to the sensor, is another effect that mus
  11 KB (1,586 words) - 18:47, 19 February 2024
• Optical remote sensing
  [[Image:Reflection.jpg |thumb|250px|right| Remote sensing process of water bodies (airborne)]]
  7 KB (935 words) - 13:12, 7 December 2023
• Hydrodynamic numerical models of wave-structure interaction
  ...ses involved in wave-structure interaction in the surf zone encompass wave reflection, wave dissipation, wave transmission resulting from [[wave overtopping]] an
  21 KB (3,036 words) - 16:03, 25 February 2023
• Use of Lidar for coastal habitat mapping
  ...rface. The water depth is determined by the elapsed time between these two reflection/scattering events, after accounting for the system's operating geometry, pr
  15 KB (2,393 words) - 22:55, 9 October 2023
• Measuring instruments for bed material sampling
  ===Based on acoustic reflection (ROXANN)===
  6 KB (901 words) - 22:03, 19 August 2020
• Instruments for bed level detection
  Seismic reflection uses a stronger sound signal and lower sound frequencies than echo-sounding
  7 KB (1,105 words) - 13:16, 7 December 2023
• Underwater video systems
  ...n a given direction. The light leaving the surface can be due to emission, reflection or transmission. The SI unit of luminance is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
  18 KB (3,032 words) - 15:13, 22 August 2020
• Floating breakwaters
  ...r J.W., R. Briganti, B. Zanuttigh and B. Wang, 2005. Wave transmission and reflection at low-crested structures: Design formulae, oblique wave attack and spectra
  16 KB (2,356 words) - 15:28, 30 March 2024
• Acoustic backscatter profiling sensors (ABS)
  * Visser, R., 1997.''Relationship between the reflection of sound in water and suspended sediment concentration'' (in Dutch). Kammin
  22 KB (3,217 words) - 11:14, 9 September 2020
• Light fields and optics in coastal waters
  ...ent (bb)</u> is of great importance for determining the [[remote sensing]] reflection of a water body.
  26 KB (3,866 words) - 20:41, 19 August 2020
• Genetic diversity
  Diversity on a genetic level is a reflection of the similarities and differences in the genes (segments of DNA on chromo
  1 KB (172 words) - 17:07, 2 March 2022
• Turbidity sensors
  ...de further observations on the influence of the boat's shadow, the surface reflection of the light, the clearness of the sky, and the height at which the observ
  14 KB (2,148 words) - 15:04, 22 August 2020
• Revetments
  ...locks. Rubble mound armoring enhances wave energy absorption and minimizes reflection and wave run-up. ...ach. Such reinforcement protects the foot of the seawall and minimizes the reflection.
  6 KB (972 words) - 23:01, 26 March 2024
• HyMap: Hyperspectral seafloor mapping and direct bathymetry calculation in littoral zones
  ...(Kisselev & Bulgarelli, 2004)<ref> Kisselev, V. and Bulgarelli, B., 2004. Reflection of light from a rough water surface in numerical methods for solving the ra
  19 KB (2,865 words) - 13:10, 7 December 2023
• Space geodetic techniques for coastal zone monitoring
  ...ter towards the surface of the Earth along the vertical and its subsequent reflection from the sea surface towards the satellite receiver. The satellite has an a
  24 KB (3,830 words) - 18:53, 19 February 2024
• Edge waves
  ...tion= Obliquely incident waves trapped to the shore by wave refraction and reflection. }} ...00px|center|Principle of wave trapping to the shore by wave refraction and reflection. The wave crest is indicated in red at successive times (from left to right
  2 KB (333 words) - 16:58, 18 August 2021
• Principles of conservation, rehabilitation and restoration of estuarine and coastal habitats
  ...n of habitats and ecological functions requires a broad multi-disciplinary reflection on the definition of objectives as well as of methods. An [[ecosystem funct ...he restoration of habitats and functions require a broad pluridisciplinary reflection on the level of definition of objectives as well as of methods. Difficultie
  23 KB (3,205 words) - 17:00, 2 March 2023
• Artificial reefs
  ..., J. W., Briganti, R., Zanuttigh, B.,Wang, B., 2005. Wave transmission and reflection at low-crested structures: Design formulae, oblique wave attack and spectra
  41 KB (6,487 words) - 22:37, 2 July 2022
• Groundwater management in low-lying coastal zones
  ...ucture and composition of the substrate is generally very complex. It is a reflection of the geological history in which a large number of processes on very dive
  42 KB (6,275 words) - 21:00, 30 March 2023
• Nearshore sandbars
  ...formation<ref>Elgar, S., Raubenheimer, B. and Herbers, T.H.C. 2003. Bragg reflection of ocean waves from sandbars. Geophysical Research Letters 30, 1016, doi:10
  24 KB (3,613 words) - 17:34, 14 November 2023
• Deteriorated groynes
  ...spill over the top of the groyne and the coefficients of transmission and reflection are both equal 0.5. For this schematization the following boundary conditio
  25 KB (3,878 words) - 17:18, 3 September 2020
• Dynamics, threats and management of biogenic reefs
  The widespread distribution of the ''M. edulis'' is a reflection of its tolerance of a wide range of environmental variables. Natural reefs
  69 KB (10,049 words) - 18:34, 7 March 2023
• Gravel Beaches
  ...port. Gravel beaches are also much more reflective than sand beaches, with reflection coefficients of up to about 0.2.
  40 KB (6,109 words) - 17:19, 24 February 2023
• Wave energy converters in coastal structures
  ...tal Engineering 165: 103837</ref>. In this study, the best reduction (wave reflection coefficient of approximately 0.15) was achieved when the length of the OWC
  20 KB (3,003 words) - 15:51, 25 February 2023
• Modelling coastal hydrodynamics
  ...testing. In 3D wave basins the treatment of boundary effects such as wave reflection or damping at the boundaries of the wave basin requires larger efforts than ...esults at the structure front because they reproduce shoaling, refraction, reflection and breaking processes. The PM results at the lee side of the structure are
  99 KB (15,083 words) - 13:37, 7 November 2021
• Scaling Issues in Hydraulic Modelling
  ...cifying bigger wave heights. Viscous and surface tension forces may affect reflection, transmission across porous structures or by [[Wave overtopping|overtopping ...ort rates and higher percolation. The higher percolation combined with the reflection enhancement and the exaggerated wave run-up would eventually result in stee
  54 KB (8,152 words) - 11:15, 7 September 2020
• Participation in Al Hoceima
  *Construction of sustainability indicators must be a result of a collective reflection of stakeholders.
  3 KB (385 words) - 22:05, 1 August 2019
• Coastal hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes and engineering
  * [[Edge waves]] definition should be expanded: periods incident waves, reflection, dissipation, propagation, coastally trapped waves
  20 KB (2,422 words) - 12:26, 20 February 2024
• Morphology of estuaries
  ...fast as for previous breaches. Increase of tidal motion, due to tidal wave reflection at the Diama dam built 25 km upstream of Saint-Louis (1986), might be one o
  87 KB (13,505 words) - 12:18, 20 January 2024
• Sand-filled geosystems in coastal engineering
  ...ur development namely due to their effect on those two aspects (i.e., wave reflection, and downrush);
  33 KB (4,961 words) - 17:31, 20 May 2020
• Shelf sea exchange with the ocean
  ...or the wave <ref> Hall RA, Huthnance JM, Williams RG, 2013. Internal wave reflection on shelf slopes with depth-varying stratification. Journal of Physical Oce
  34 KB (5,118 words) - 12:02, 29 June 2020
• Infragravity waves
  ...o the coast by repetitive refraction over a sloping bathymetry followed by reflection off the beach. Edge waves are standing in the cross-shore direction and are ...Inch, K., Davidson, M., Masselink, G., Russell, P., 2017. Correcting wave reflection estimates in the coastal zone. Coast. Eng. 119, 65–71</ref> the transitio
  25 KB (3,848 words) - 16:22, 25 February 2023
• Shallow-water wave theory
  ===Wave Reflection=== ...ting wave pattern set up is called a standing wave, as shown in Figure 14. Reflection can also occur when waves enter a harbour or estuary. This can lead to `res
  86 KB (13,927 words) - 12:36, 3 May 2023
• Open ocean habitat
  ...ed solids. In this zone, light cannot penetrate deeper than 20 meters. The reflection by suspended particles causes a shift from blue to the green and yellow wav
  14 KB (2,153 words) - 13:08, 23 February 2021
• Stability of rubble mound breakwaters and shore revetments
  ...may generate sediment mobility. Interactions with the structure (e.g. wave reflection, wave draw-down, generation of turbulence) may result in scour of the bed o ...ural foreshores are formed if the structure has a mild slope with low wave reflection characteristics. For example, the natural foreshores in front of dikes in t
  53 KB (8,270 words) - 18:27, 26 March 2024
• Surf similarity parameter
  *The wave reflection coefficient <math>C_r</math> depends on <math>\xi</math>; an empirical f
  4 KB (569 words) - 16:40, 11 April 2022
• Embayed beaches
  ...reflective-type beaches under close to shore-normal wave incidence) is the reflection of [[edge waves]] off the headlands. The resulting standing wave pattern st
  13 KB (2,008 words) - 16:12, 3 October 2021
• Nautical depth of harbors and fairways
  ...ig. 1. Illustration of nautical depth. UKC = under keel clearance. Seismic reflection frequencies 180-210 kHz and 15-38 kHz approximately correspond to the surf
  9 KB (1,392 words) - 16:25, 27 February 2023
• Satellite-derived nearshore bathymetry
  ...also the difference between the total emitted sea surface radiance and the reflection of the sky-radiance originating from the upper hemisphere including both th ...is the sum of the direct and diffuse components of sunlight attenuated by reflection at the air-sea interface. Reflectance of the direct sun beam depends on the
  32 KB (4,966 words) - 22:35, 9 February 2024