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• FUTURECOAST project, UK
  ...of variations in sediment supply and forcing parameters, such as tide and wave energy. However, it is also important to look for situations where the syst ...evolution, are the underlying geology and coastal forcing, e.g. prevailing wave activity. Large-scale shoreline evolution may be broadly considered in term
  20 KB (3,041 words) - 12:04, 7 September 2020
• Groynes as shore protection
  *type 1: ''Perpendicular wave incidence'', angle of incidence close to zero, small net littoral drift *type 2: ''Nearly perpendicular wave incidence '', angle of incidence 1^o - 10^o, net littor
  21 KB (3,352 words) - 17:17, 5 October 2021
• How to apply models
  [[Image:figure1.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Fig. 1. Illustration of important wave and littoral transport processes]] *[[Waves#Wave generation|Wave generation]] and wave propagation from [[deep water]] to [[shallow water]]
  18 KB (2,697 words) - 11:29, 20 February 2024
• DeCyDe for Sustainability Policy tool
  ...f wind and wave power installations and, of course, the unknown effects of climate change are ever-present. Today, coastal degradation is still rapidly occurr :# Energy & Climate Change (1 optional indicator).
  25 KB (3,543 words) - 21:40, 7 August 2021
• CNEXO experimental SandPit in Seine Estuary
  ...and also shows both the location of the Candhis wave buoy used to collect wave data and the location of two well-known and well-studied sediment deposits [[Image:climate.JPG|thumb|Figure 6: Simplified wave climate]]
  10 KB (1,558 words) - 20:28, 28 June 2019
• Analysis of coastal processes with Empirical Orthogonal Functions
  ...mics as eigenfunctions are fixed in space since bars, on the contrary, are wave-like patterns that travel in time. Extended EOFs and Complex Principal Comp ...e than 32 years, see Fig. 2. No firm explanation for the existence of this wave could be provided. Physical mechanisms that may produce standing shoreline
  25 KB (4,098 words) - 15:59, 20 November 2021
• Parametric equilibrium models
  ...iles would take the form shown above if the dominant destructive force was wave energy dissipation per unit volume (Dean et al., 2002 <ref name=D>Dean, R.G ...ly suitable for assessing the sensitivity of eroding soft cliffs to future climate change. On the other hand both Cooper and Pilkey (2004b)<ref> Cooper, J.A.
  8 KB (1,195 words) - 12:36, 3 October 2021
• Blue carbon sequestration
  ...way and possess self-sustaining capacity by promoting sedimentation, see [[Climate adaptation measures for the coastal zone]]. They also contribute to the goa ...by calcifying organisms (e.g. [[coral reefs]], oyster reefs) contribute to climate change adaptation through energy dissipation and contribution to sediments,
  41 KB (6,267 words) - 13:40, 21 April 2024
• Coastal mud belt
  ...y, P., Rogers, W.E., Pednekar, P.S., Babu, M.T and Dineshkumar, P.K. 2017. Wave energy dissipation due to mudbanks formed off southwest coast of India. Est ...e fluid mud layer by pushing it onshore. Onshore-offshore asymmetry of the wave orbital motion due to nonlinearity of the interaction with the bed (see [[S
  24 KB (3,842 words) - 18:14, 13 January 2024
• Waves and currents by X-band radar
  ...and currents. Due to climate change and its impact on coastal protection, wave and current measurements are of growing importance. ...re and software components, the nautical radar can be used as wave sensor. Wave measurements by X-Band radar systems are a reliable data source for support
  12 KB (1,894 words) - 11:32, 25 January 2024
• Stability models
  Similarly, a beach under constant wave forcing is commonly assumed to reach after some time certain equilibrium pr ...astal system, <math> \alpha </math> could represent sediment grain size or wave height, and
  41 KB (6,565 words) - 16:15, 4 October 2021
• Dune erosion
  |definition= Sand loss from a dune under wave attack, mainly by notching, avalanching and slumping processes.}} ...lines worldwide during the last millennia when sea-level rise slowed down. Wave action and onshore winds are the main agents for coastal dune development a
  42 KB (6,534 words) - 12:05, 15 November 2023
• Effect of climate change on coastline evolution
  ...h is based on extrapolation of historic behaviour, is inappropriate if the climate changes. ...of sandy coasts with no cliff or shore platform. It assumes that the wave climate is steady and consequently the (average equilibrium) [[beach profile]] does
  8 KB (1,288 words) - 21:24, 19 March 2021
• Mediterranean Sea and Region, including Adriatic Sea
  ...decreasing freshwater due to dams and river diversions. Under the changing climate regime, sea surface temperatures and salinity will increase. [[Biodiversity ...les, for the Mediterranean, complex interactions between overfishing and [[climate change]] could facilitate [[ecosystem]] shifts. An example is the presence
  11 KB (1,724 words) - 10:56, 1 August 2020
• Greek case studies: Morphological evolution of the R.Alfios deltaic shoreline
  ...3</sup>/s. In accordance to high amounts of water discharge, the temperate climate, the relatively erodible lithology (Quaternary deposits and flysch ~52%), a ...nd W and NW. Due to very long (hundreds of km) fetches, a wave regime with wave heights >5 m during storms drives a longshore northward sediment transport
  5 KB (726 words) - 10:06, 2 July 2020
• Mangroves
  ...P.M.F., van den Berg, N.J.F., Siemerink, M. and Hulscher, S.J.M.H. 2014. Wave attenuation in mangroves: A quantitative approach to field observations. Co * Shores must be free of strong [[waves|wave]] action and strong [[tidal current]]s.
  42 KB (6,310 words) - 17:09, 21 April 2024
• Seagrass meadows
  The environmental tolerance thresholds of seagrass species in different climate zones vary by species. Habitat Suitability Indices that associate seagrass ...that are able to adapt their environment: they clarify water by damping wave action and retaining fine sediments and they modify substrate chemistry by
  37 KB (5,414 words) - 20:23, 24 December 2023
• Coastal squeeze
  This article complements the article '[[Effects of global climate change on European marine biodiversity]]' by Lieven Therry with a shorth in ...hese shorebirds<ref name="Nicholls"> Nicholls, R.J.; Klein, R.J.T. (2005). Climate change and coastal management in Europe's coast, '''in''': Vermaat, J.E. ''
  7 KB (1,034 words) - 13:09, 6 March 2022
• Experiences with beach nourishments in Portugal
  ...e intervention area, in the range of 0.25 to 0.5m/s. On the downdrift area wave breaking currents can reach values of around 2m/s. .... The tide and wave values indicate that, in general, this is a mesotidal, wave-dominated coast.
  37 KB (5,937 words) - 18:06, 18 January 2022
• Spatial and temporal variability of salt marshes
  Salt marshes are regularly subjected to tidal movement and wave action. Tidal channels control the drainage of this seawater and allow [[de ...ecies compensate for lack of competitive ability by being more tolerant to wave disturbance than high shore species (Pennings and Calloway 1992 <ref>PENNIN
  18 KB (2,451 words) - 18:54, 7 March 2023

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