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• Coupled hydrodynamic - water quality - ecological modelling
  ...resents the 'effect chain' approach for modelling marine and coastal water quality and ecology. ...algae die, the nutrients in their cells are partly released back into the water, creating a nutrient cycle. Some dead algae cells settle to the bottom as o
  7 KB (1,046 words) - 17:21, 7 September 2020
• FerryBox - Continuous and automatic water quality observations along transects
  ...onment in the coastal areas and shelf seas of Europe with an adequate data quality is a serious hindrance to an understanding of marine systems. Currently, op ...ve and reliable possibility to obtain regular observations on near surface water parameters. Applying such a FerryBox system on ferry boats or ships-of-oppo
  15 KB (2,302 words) - 17:48, 29 June 2019
• Water quality services GMES - MarCoast in Germany
  ...ts of biological and morphological parameters in order to assess the water quality from an ecological point of view. The BLMP is currently being extended in t ...em, WAQSS. Products of derived satellite data are provided to assess water quality in coastal areas. Examples of maps of a) suspended matter concentration, b)
  12 KB (1,740 words) - 17:34, 23 August 2020
• Water quality services GMES - MarCoast
  #REDIRECT [[Water quality services GMES - MarCoast in Germany]]
  63 bytes (9 words) - 18:09, 28 April 2009

Page text matches

• Eutrophication
  ...tion and stability of organisms present in the water and to the quality of water concerned, compared to reference conditions.<ref name="And">Andersen, J. H. * [[FerryBox - Continuous and automatic water quality observations along transects]]
  3 KB (352 words) - 16:15, 14 February 2024
• Definitions of coastal terms
  ...2017. Shoreline management guidelines. DHI https://www.dhigroup.com/marine-water/ebook-shoreline-management-guidelines</ref> and from the USACE Coastal Engi ...allow-water wave theory]], [[Wave transformation]]. The [[#Deep water|deep water]] angle of incidence is often denoted <math>\alpha_0</math>.
  79 KB (11,862 words) - 21:40, 1 April 2024
• Perched beaches
  ...and can be very large if the sand available for beach fill is of the same quality as or slightly finer than the natural sand. A submerged sill to support the ...eme conditions by moving sand from the upper part of the profile to deeper water, i.e. over the sill. This is often a naturally reversible process for a nor
  4 KB (628 words) - 18:42, 22 January 2024
• Coves - artificial formation and use
  ...e opening is too narrow circulation will be reduced and the quality of the water will decrease and secondly the cove may trap debris and seaweed. ...be made too narrow, as this will reduce circulation and degrade the water quality. And that the [[cove]] may trap seaweed and debris, but the smooth shape o
  4 KB (646 words) - 17:40, 18 January 2022
• Rip current
  ...ht|Fig. 1. Schematic view of a rip cell. Beach: yellow, sea: blue; shallow water: light blue; nearshore bars: hatched; flow pattern: red arrows. ]] ...alance do locally occur. The local imbalances between radiation stress and water set-up generate currents that are shoreward directed where the radiation st
  8 KB (1,278 words) - 10:16, 3 July 2022
• Shoreline management
  ...2017. Shoreline management guidelines. DHI https://www.dhigroup.com/marine-water/ebook-shoreline-management-guidelines</ref>: * Degradation of coastal water and marine ecosystems from land-based pollution including sediment run-off,
  38 KB (5,697 words) - 22:31, 2 July 2022
• Threats to the coastal zone
  ==Water quality/pollution== ...equired the development of new coastal management strategies. For example, water storage schemes and managed retreat schemes along coastlines have been prop
  27 KB (4,061 words) - 18:28, 21 February 2024
• Coastal pollution and impacts
  ...ershed impacts is examined in relation to land-derived pollution and water quality. ...griculture: a global review. Executive summary. FAO (UN) and International Water Management Institute. </ref>:
  26 KB (3,841 words) - 16:44, 20 February 2024
• Total economic value in coastal management practice
  ...e.g. natural protection of the hinterland, nursery for marine fish stocks, water/soil purification), for later use (by future generations) or for landscape ...sources to provide other services for society. Examples are degraded water quality, depletion of fish stocks, coastal erosion, loss of biodiversity, etc. Soci
  11 KB (1,658 words) - 18:45, 3 March 2024
• Economic valuation of goods and services of the UK coastal and marine ecosystem
  ...tion, transformation and burial || Potential savings on conventional waste water treatment due to the bioremediation function of marine benthic organisms || ...nd resistance]] to change, declining marine environmental health and water quality, reduced fisheries potential, loss of [[Leisure|recreational opportunities]
  9 KB (1,305 words) - 13:08, 4 March 2024
• How to apply models
  The description in this article will concentrate on development of high quality and safe artificial beaches, as these are often one of the most important a The parameters of importance for development of good quality beaches and lagoons are the following:
  18 KB (2,697 words) - 11:29, 20 February 2024
• Eight levels of public participation
  ...young resident doctor advises him to take the baby home and feed it sugar water. That very same afternoon the baby dies as a result of dehydration and pneu ...some cases the internet. Drawbacks of this level of participation are low quality of the information or superficial information. If the citizen is not proper
  11 KB (1,704 words) - 15:41, 8 August 2021
• DeCyDe for Sustainability Policy tool
  ...isable pillars of sustainability i.e. Governance, Economics, Environmental Quality and Social Well-being. Innovation was introduced through the use of a check ...equal opportunities for all. It aims at the continuous improvement of the quality of life and well-being on Earth for present and future generations.
  25 KB (3,543 words) - 21:40, 7 August 2021
• Water Framework Directive
  [[Image:WFD.jpg|thumb|100px|right|<small>Logo of the Water Framework Directive</small>]] ...munity action in the field of water policy, commonly referred to as the '''Water Framework Directive (WFD)'''. The directive entered into force on 22nd Dece
  12 KB (1,701 words) - 17:38, 3 September 2020
• Risk and coastal zone policy: example from the Netherlands
  ...he probabilistic approach. These levels are related to extreme storm surge water levels with a certain probability of occurrence. The level of the flood def ...drapport onderzoek overstromingsrisico’s, of Transport, Public Works and Water Management</ref>).
  14 KB (2,223 words) - 20:01, 18 September 2023
• Remote sensing
  *Atmospheric effects degrade the quality of the images and need to be corrected ...r 4, components have to be determined to retrieve the radiance leaving the water, i.e. component 2.</small>]]
  11 KB (1,586 words) - 18:47, 19 February 2024
• Common biomarkers for the assessment of marine pollution
  ...mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) for the assessment and monitoring of water quality of the St Lawrence river (Canada). Aquatic Toxicology 50, 51–71.</ref> Th ...., Marigomez, J.A., Diez, G., Angulo, E., 1992. Comparative effects of the water accommodated fraction of three oils on mussels. 2. Quantitative alterations
  24 KB (3,412 words) - 18:18, 5 November 2019
• Nutrient conversion in the marine environment
  ...<ref name=”NorthSeaTaskForce1993”>North Sea Task Force 1993. North Sea Quality Status Report, Oslo and Paris Commissions, London. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensbo ...rganic material (phytoplankton, zooplankton, …) first takes place in the water column<ref>Middelburg, J.J., Soetaert, K., Herman, P.M.J. and Heip, C.H.R.
  26 KB (3,923 words) - 20:02, 4 August 2023
• Use of Lidar for coastal habitat mapping
  ...environments and can provide uniform and dense data in even the shallowest water. ...etects the pulse reflections from both the seabed and the sea surface. The water depth is determined by the elapsed time between these two reflection/scatte
  15 KB (2,393 words) - 22:55, 9 October 2023
• Environmental risk assessment of marine activities
  ...ces and receptor specific aspects can be covered in quantitative terms and quality data essential for accurate results are not always available. In this sense ...gaps is also an important topic of risk assessment in order to assure the quality and relevance of the available information.
  36 KB (5,430 words) - 20:20, 18 September 2023
• Case study risk analysis of marine activities in the Belgian part of the North Sea
  ...on shipping, historical ship accident data indicates that almost all open-water shipping losses (excepting causes such as war or piracy) can be categorised ...the number of vessel-miles defined in the shipping pattern input data. The quality of this input data is therefore of critical importance to the output from t
  17 KB (2,600 words) - 21:25, 31 July 2019
• Dalyan-Koycegiz Special Protected Area
  ...uth-west coast of Turkey. It has a very diverse landscape of rivers, fresh water lake, delta, lagoons, sandy beaches, hills and sloping pine forests. The le - Water quality management
  5 KB (792 words) - 13:05, 12 July 2020
• Manual Sediment Transport Measurements in Rivers, Estuaries and Coastal Seas
  ...nitoring: A practical guide to the design and implementation of freshwater quality studies and monitoring programmes, Edited by J. Bartram and R. Ballance]
  5 KB (654 words) - 20:48, 19 August 2020
• Submarine groundwater discharge
  ...sea, and not via surface streams. Groundwater is synonymous with soil pore water. In order to assess the magnitude of SGD, different investigations based on ...ichael H.A., Mulligan A.E. and Harvey C.F. (2005) Seasonal oscillations in water exchange between aquifers and the coastal ocean. ''Nature'' '''436''' 1145-
  31 KB (4,626 words) - 12:46, 12 August 2021
• Measuring instruments for coasts
  ...rap is restricted to surf zones with wave heights less than about 0.5 m in water depths upto l m. Antsyferov et al (1990<ref name="ants"/>) used traps mount Towed sledges or trailers with a mast above the water surface have been used for cross-shore bed level soundings and wave height
  12 KB (1,782 words) - 11:43, 7 September 2020
• Principles, statistics and errors of measuring sediment transport
  Traditional sampling instruments (based on taking samples of water and sediment) as well as electronic sensoring instruments (based on optical ...of the fact that the quality of the total study can only be as good as the quality of the information gained through sampling. Thus, any errors incurred durin
  7 KB (944 words) - 15:27, 20 August 2020
• Measuring instruments for sediment transport
  ...ed as depth-integrating samplers, which means continuous sampling over the water depth by lowering and raising the instrument at a constant transit rate. ...ected. Since calibration is involved, the accuracy strongly depends on the quality/reliability of the calibration curves. Hence, many calibration samples are
  27 KB (3,920 words) - 22:17, 19 August 2020
• Endocrine disrupting compounds in the coastal environment
  ...for changes in human health and reproduction (decline in sperm counts and quality, impotence, increased incidence of genital abnormalities and increased inci ...ntal monitoring, fate, and transport of estrogenic disrupting compounds in water: A review. ''Chemosphere'', '''65''' 1265-1280 </ref>
  13 KB (1,849 words) - 18:09, 3 August 2020
• Global Forum of Oceans, Coasts and Islands
  ...s a mature technology. Ocean storage, or the direct release into the ocean water column or onto the deep seafloor, has been researched less. This storage op ...ents, which affect tourism, agriculture, and the delivery of health, fresh water, food, and other essential services. Coral reefs, marine fisheries, and mar
  16 KB (2,281 words) - 16:59, 1 August 2019
• Underwater video systems
  This article describes the equipment used to capture video in water. [[Underwater video]] is an example of a [[video technology]]. See also [[a Underwater video systems refers to the equipment used to capture video in water (or other liquids), and to playback the material. The equipment can be divi
  18 KB (3,032 words) - 15:13, 22 August 2020
• Video technology
  ...and use of underwater video]], for an introduction to equipment used under water, see [[underwater video systems]]. ...it/s, sometimes bps). More bits per second is mostly equal to better video quality. The bit rate can be fixed or variable, real-time, streaming video often us
  14 KB (2,315 words) - 22:50, 29 June 2019
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)
  ...peting) societal interests, such as public safety, infrastructure, nature, water, physical planning, housing, fisheries, agriculture, tourism, industry and ...gement in low-lying coastal zones|Groundwater management]] and alternative water supply (incl. recharge of aquifers)
  29 KB (3,962 words) - 20:24, 18 September 2023
• Coastal Cities
  ...23-5</ref>. Urban sprawl has also negatively affected the urban coast’s quality of life, creating a population density that leads to problems concerning em ...ronmental aggravations. It is essential for an urban coast to offer a good quality environment for the users avoiding issues such us:
  8 KB (1,192 words) - 11:48, 7 September 2020
• Updating NorVision - Towards a New Spatial Agenda for the North Sea Region
  ...ows partners to share knowledge, money and opportunities for improving the quality of life for everyone in the North Sea Region. ...hsea.org/Userfiles/File/Norvision/Coastal%20Water%20Management.pdf Coastal Water Management (CWM)]. Atkins were commissioned by Resource Analysis Consult NV
  5 KB (756 words) - 22:31, 1 August 2019
• Birds Directive, Habitats Directive, NATURA 2000
  ...nd Natura 2004. Coastal and marine areas will be impacted changes in water quality and quantity, changes in annual and seasonal precipitation, desertification
  7 KB (1,054 words) - 15:00, 7 October 2021
• Carrying capacity
  ...abitat can support indefinitely without deterioration of the character and quality of the resource; <br> 2. The level of use, at a given level of management, *The maximum quantity of fish that any particular body of water can support over a long period without negative effects to the fish and to
  1 KB (175 words) - 13:07, 1 March 2022
• Estuary
  ...osed embayment of the coast in which fresh run-off water mixes with saline water entering from the ocean. }} ...re tidal motion can still have important consequences for ecosystem, water quality and morphology – for example: import of marine sediments and organisms, g
  4 KB (540 words) - 13:40, 20 January 2024
• Floating breakwaters
  ...ecially suited for areas where the tidal range is high, as they follow the water-level. Floating breakwaters are seldom used as shoreline protection structu #'' Deep water:'' In water depths in excess of 6 m, bottom connected breakwaters are often more expens
  16 KB (2,356 words) - 15:28, 30 March 2024
• Mediterranean Sea and Region, including Adriatic Sea
  ...eratures and salinity will increase. [[Biodiversity]], conservation, water quality, quantity and seasonal flows are significantly affected. The negative impac ...algal bloom]]s and jellyfish in Mediterranean due to combination of higher water temperatures, overfishing and nutrient influxes. [[Algal bloom]]s are boost
  11 KB (1,724 words) - 10:56, 1 August 2020
• Some definitions of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)
  ...rm coastal management issues, including habitat loss, degradation of water quality, changes in hydrological cycles, depletion of coastal resources, and adapta
  4 KB (527 words) - 10:57, 14 September 2020
• Value Transfer
  ...or a group of sites, in a sort of meta-analysis. For example, the value of water can be explained as a function of specific variables linked to the site (ph ...the Damage Database of the [http://www.oieau.fr/ International Office for Water] in France.
  6 KB (864 words) - 17:19, 15 July 2020
• Hedonic Evaluation Approach
  ...the [[economic value]] of environmental goods such as noise, air or water quality, landscape and similar goods. ...hase separately the room, the preferred location, the panoramic qualities, quality of air or of surrounding landscape. It is one frequently applied methodolog
  6 KB (856 words) - 17:18, 15 July 2020
• Coupled hydrodynamic - water quality - ecological modelling
  ...resents the 'effect chain' approach for modelling marine and coastal water quality and ecology. ...algae die, the nutrients in their cells are partly released back into the water, creating a nutrient cycle. Some dead algae cells settle to the bottom as o
  7 KB (1,046 words) - 17:21, 7 September 2020
• Consultation on Maritime Policy: the issue of Capacity Building
  ...ry Partnership assess the level of community understanding regarding water quality issues, biodiversity and recreational opportunities on the River Thames. C ...clear. Following recent examples of implementation of EU policy (e.g. the Water Framework Directive), it is obvious that there will be a need for capacity
  31 KB (4,532 words) - 15:32, 6 October 2021
• Ballast water
  ...Tide: Controlling Introductions of Nonindigenous Species by Ships' Ballast Water. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/529 ...an carry in excess of 200,000 m3 of ballast water. When pumping up ballast water, local marine organisms will inevitably also be included and probably also
  23 KB (3,270 words) - 21:49, 20 December 2023
• Wastewater
  ...ter|definition=Wastewater is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It comprises liquid waste discharged by domesti
  328 bytes (43 words) - 17:41, 11 July 2007
• WFD list of priority substances
  ...risk to the aquatic environment and water used for the production of drink water. ...priority hazardous substances. <ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/water-dangersub/pri_substances.htm http://ec.europa.eu July 30 2009]</ref>
  4 KB (536 words) - 12:57, 31 July 2019
• Effects of global climate change on European marine biodiversity
  The effects may be related to changing water temperatures, changing water circulation or changing habitat; as a consequence of these changes, altere ...chronized with seasonal production cycles of phytoplankton. Increasing sea water temperatures may advance the timing of reproduction of these fish species;
  16 KB (2,428 words) - 13:04, 21 February 2024
• Measurements of biodiversity
  ...Hwang, I.S., Maeng, J.H., Rosenberg, R. and Honh, J.S. 2010. Environmental quality of Korean coasts as determined by modified Shannon–Wiener evenness propor ...., Lim, D. and Oh, S.-Y. 2022. Application and Validation of an Ecological Quality Index, ISEP, in the Yellow Sea. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 10, 1908</ref>.
  49 KB (7,689 words) - 12:26, 4 March 2024
• Biodiversity in the European Seas
  ...onal and non-governmental organization initiatives to assess environmental quality in the North Sea area. The most important are: the ‘continuous plankton r ...It takes 25-35 years for all the water in the Baltic to be replenished by water from the North Sea and beyond.
  26 KB (3,907 words) - 18:35, 21 February 2024
• Sampling tools for the marine environment
  ...rine environment. These relate to species occuring on the sea surface, the water column and on the seabed. ...towed, although lacking in devices for controlling its passage through the water column, which is otherwise determined by hydrodynamic forces generated natu
  21 KB (3,409 words) - 22:24, 20 August 2020
• Contingent Valuation Method
  ...urchase or sale. This yields their willing to pay (WTP) for the quality of quality of the good or service under question, or willingness to accept compensatio ...tools, economists are able assess the individual demand for environmental quality and thus quantify in monetary terms the underlying welfare changes. The typ
  18 KB (2,682 words) - 23:08, 28 February 2022
• Salinization adaptation and freshwater supply for agriculture in the Dutch Delta
  ...everal newly created freshwater basins provided opportunities for drinking water supply and agriculture. The hydraulic engineering projects have been execut ...rine dynamics in the Delta an important solution to restore the ecological quality (whilst preserving safety against flooding and transportation possibilities
  15 KB (2,136 words) - 12:58, 8 October 2021
• Impacts caused by increasing urbanization
  ...Ortega, J.A Cañas-Madueño, P. Ruiz-Aviles (2004) “Assessing the Visual Quality of Rural Landscapes.” Landscape and Urban Planning 69 115-125 :Luttik, J. (2000) “The Value of Trees, Water and Open Space as Reflected By House Prices in the Netherlands” Landscape
  16 KB (2,380 words) - 17:04, 15 July 2020
• Values of amenities in coastal zones
  ...hese characteristics increases. A scoring matrix was used to determine the quality of the ocean view for each site. They estimate that for the best views with ...nt land use regulations: houses with frontage, views and distance from the water. They find that the value of lost frontage, views and distance leads to a l
  28 KB (4,449 words) - 22:00, 1 September 2020
• Marine Spatial Planning - the need for a common language
  ...onal concerns about nature included direct impacts such as declining water quality, pollution or [[habitat]] loss. More recently, environmental concerns shift ...blic facilities and energy supplies, transport, supply of resources, water quality, prevention of noise and waste disposal, protection of the marine environme
  36 KB (5,342 words) - 18:20, 16 February 2024
• Eutrophication in coastal environments
  ...increased sedimentation and oxygen consumption, oxygen depletion in lower water layers and, sometimes, mortality of [[benthic]] animals and fish. Mitigatio *oxygen depletion in lower water layers (see [[Estuarine turbidity maximum]])
  18 KB (2,538 words) - 12:37, 30 March 2022
• Mangroves
  Mangroves are the only trees that are capable of thriving in salt water. They form unique [[intertidal]] forests at the edge of land and sea, see F ...rtially exposed network of roots that grow down from the branches into the water and sediment. They settle where there is little [[waves|wave action]] and w
  42 KB (6,310 words) - 17:09, 21 April 2024
• Seagrass meadows
  ...erranean Sea, the Canary Islands and the North African coast. It is a warm water seagrass. ...ution is restricted by the mixing zone of Mediterranean water and Atlantic water. Other species may successfully invade in European waters if seeds or fragm
  37 KB (5,414 words) - 20:23, 24 December 2023
• Ecological thresholds and regime shifts
  | Clear water, Benthic vegetation|| Turbid water, Blue-green algae |Seagrass beds|| Algae and muddy water
  13 KB (1,919 words) - 12:33, 2 March 2024
• Eutrophication related monitoring tasks and WFD for coastal waters in Greece
  .../EEC) addresses the major point sources, in particular the municipal waste water discharges. The Nitrates Directive (91/676/EEC) deals with the diffuse poll ===Water Framework Directive (WFD)===
  26 KB (3,720 words) - 21:54, 1 August 2019
• Experiences with beach nourishments in Portugal
  ...sing the vulnerability to erosion of these cliffs is golf course watering. Water load due to watering increases the probability of landslides. ...n process between the Vale do Lobo beach resort management society and the Water Institute.
  37 KB (5,937 words) - 18:06, 18 January 2022
• Turbidity sensors
  ...on). Turbidity is not, however, a direct measure of suspended particles in water, but a measure of the scattering effect such particles have on light. ...ogeneous system that only attenuates the radiation that goes through it. A water sample that contains undissolved particles attenuates the incident light an
  14 KB (2,148 words) - 15:04, 22 August 2020
• Data processing and output of Lidar
  ===Data quality check === ...n internal quality check of the raw data and b) an external quality check. Quality checking mainly means making sure of three points: the data density (to ens
  12 KB (1,887 words) - 13:22, 7 December 2023
• HyMap: Hyperspectral seafloor mapping and direct bathymetry calculation in littoral zones
  ...e corrected as well as the optical properties of water constituents in the water bulk. The physics based modular inversion and processing system MIP enables ...the mineral exploration market, but has since conquered many other areas, water remote sensing being one of them. It allows airborne RS data to be collecte
  19 KB (2,865 words) - 13:10, 7 December 2023
• Model validation
  | definition= Model validation is the formal confirmation of the model quality criteria achieved in [[model calibration]]. For model validation a set of i This definition is based on practical experience in modelling surface water behaviour. See also [[Reduction of uncertainties through Data Model Integra
  498 bytes (70 words) - 16:37, 6 December 2007
• Optical measurements in coastal waters
  Optical sensor data allows the assessment of in-water properties, such as suspended matter or [[phytoplankton]] concentration, [[ ...of seawater can be considered as the sum of the partial contributions from water itself and a number of optically significant constituents. Four classes of
  16 KB (2,211 words) - 21:29, 24 February 2024
• Pollution prevention, detection and mitigation in European coastal waters
  ...lutions. The issue of observing the state of pollution and improving water quality near coastal zones has been addressed in different ways in most coastal cou ...in medias, accidental pollutions only stand for a small part of the whole water pollution which is mostly caused by chronic pollutions and waste discharge
  26 KB (3,940 words) - 16:24, 20 February 2024
• European Context of Nutrient Dynamics
  ...hart (1995), Nutrient dynamics in the North Sea: Fluxes and budgets in the water derived from ERSEM, Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 33, 301-335.</ref> ...Billen, G., J. Garnier, and V. Rousseau (2005), Nutrient fluxes and water quality in the drainage network of the Scheldt basin over the last 50 years. Ecolog
  8 KB (1,173 words) - 11:43, 4 February 2021
• Mariculture
  ...sh water and include culture methods that take place in salty and brackish water that is situated in the coastal zone (CBD, 2004<ref name="CBD">Secretariat Some forms of mariculture provide good quality food and the production is more efficient than that of terrestrial animals;
  46 KB (6,591 words) - 18:12, 4 May 2024
• Current status of public participation in ICZM
  # European law provides legislation, like the Water Framework Directive and the Århus Convention, that requires the member sta '''National implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the Århus Convention'''
  93 KB (13,500 words) - 15:11, 7 October 2021
• SeaWiFS
  ...ity and ecological characteristics such as chlorophyll-a concentration and water clarity. For this purpose, the sensor records information in the following
  1 KB (149 words) - 12:21, 7 September 2020
• Tidal flats from space
  ...tidal phase. They play an important role as a cleansing site for North Sea water, as a nursery for young fish and as a feeding ground for many bird species. ...to the expanse of the tidal flat of nearly 10,000 km2, the variability of water cover and the variability of the sediment, remote sensing has become an ind
  14 KB (2,127 words) - 11:32, 17 February 2024
• Seagrass recovery and restoration in the Wadden Sea
  To measure ecological quality in the environment, powerful indicators are needed. In coastal waters seagr ...ke, K. Laursen, G. Lüerßen, H. Marencic, W. Wiersinga (Eds.), Wadden Sea Quality Status Report 2004, Wadden Sea Ecosystem 19 (pp. 201-207). Wilhelmshaven: C
  14 KB (2,227 words) - 21:36, 24 November 2020
• Large scale mapping of intertidal areas
  ...assessment and development of monitoring strategies with respect to the EU-Water Framework Directive. The measured values were restricted to sediment cores (grain size and water content of sediments, macrofauna species) and shear strength.
  10 KB (1,456 words) - 18:47, 28 April 2009
• Economic Value
  ...which is desirable or worthy of esteem for its own sake; something or some quality having intrinsic worth”. ...ly or indirectly. The individual has to arbitrate between variation of the quality of the environmental element and a variation of income in a given set of op
  8 KB (1,237 words) - 21:07, 2 March 2024
• Monitoring coastal morphodynamics using high-precision multibeam technology
  ...achieved using real-time kinematic global positioning (GPS-RTK) and a high quality gyro compass. ...and a high quality of the GPS signals. This constrains the range for high-quality mappings to distances of 10 to 20 km away from the land-based GPS- referenc
  11 KB (1,692 words) - 15:37, 20 September 2020
• Remote sensing of zooplankton
  ...f zooplankton species is important, but limited. Physical gradients in the water may separate communities and thus cause heterogeneous vertical distributio ...d the imaged volume needs to be short, as floating particles detract image quality. High magnifications at short distances also result in a small depth-of-fie
  10 KB (1,457 words) - 17:56, 18 February 2024
• Socio-economic evaluation
  ...een as positive (proximity to a recreational area, nice view) or negative (water pollution, risk of flooding). It may be to do with differences in time (tim ...se relationship into a counter value for the environment effect (the water quality).
  10 KB (1,533 words) - 18:38, 3 March 2024
• Salt marshes
  ...one between the land and the sea and that are covered by salty or brackish water for part of the time. They can be considered, in some way, as the analogue ...ed sediments and sheltered locations where particles can settle out of the water column.
  28 KB (4,120 words) - 21:17, 24 April 2024
• Human activities and nature conservation conflicts at the Kenyan coastline
  ...l formations are predominantly sedimentary in origin, with marine, shallow water and lacustrine fluviodeltaic characteristics. They form a strip of 50 km wi ...not well documented alien species are on the rise probably due to ballast water and human introduction, the effect of this is yet to be known.
  16 KB (2,479 words) - 14:59, 9 September 2020
• Thermohaline circulation of the oceans
  ...for salt, which constitute the [[Seawater density|density of water]]. The water masses transport both energy (heat) and matter (solids, dissolved substance ...byssal plain| abyssal plains]] of the Atlantic toward Antarctica where the water mass joins the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Flow from the Arctic Ocean Ba
  23 KB (3,524 words) - 17:38, 22 December 2020
• Impact of tourism in coastal areas: Need of sustainable tourism strategy
  ...vely small area, have a huge impact. They add to the pollution, waste, and water needs of the local population, putting local infrastructure and [[habitats] ...re. Some tourist resorts empty their sewage and other wastes directly into water surrounding coral reefs and other sensitive marine [[habitats]].
  26 KB (3,689 words) - 17:28, 5 May 2023
• PEGASO case study North Adriatic Sea
  - Water quality assessment (particularly concerning bathing and tourism) Climate change impacts and water quality assessment imply an interdisciplinary scientific research which aims to def
  9 KB (1,260 words) - 13:07, 16 February 2024
• Non-native species invasions
  ...are chiefly associated with shipment activities (hull fouling and ballast water) and marine aquaculture (Bax ''et al.'', 2003<ref name=Bax>Bax, N., William ...s hull or contained within their [[Ballast water|ballast waters]]. Ballast water has been extensively used since 1870s and certain species are able to compl
  27 KB (3,914 words) - 12:54, 21 February 2024
• Principles of conservation, rehabilitation and restoration of estuarine and coastal habitats
  ...terials and organisms. They perform various functions, including mediating water flows, accumulating [[sediments]] and organic matter, processing [[nutrient ...ve socio-ecological assessment procedures, tools for evaluating ecological quality, and well-built monitoring programmes based upon pertinent indicators.
  23 KB (3,205 words) - 17:00, 2 March 2023
• ICZM-Best practice case study in the Oder estuary
  ...Dolch (Editors), The Oder estuary - against the background of the European Water Framework Directive. Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte No. 57. Baltic Sea Re ...ble development of the coastal region. Therefore tourism and environmental quality should be regarded in the context of all other regional activities and util
  11 KB (1,698 words) - 16:11, 24 August 2020
• ICZM-Best practice case study in Western Zeelandic-Flanders
  ...elements, nature development, recreation and tourism, as well as integral water management (Maya, 2005<ref>Maya, 2005. Marina and Yachting in the Lower Nor
  11 KB (1,569 words) - 16:12, 24 August 2020
• Analysis of the ICZM process in Belgium
  3. Quality improvement of the residential and social environment: surface area of prot ...otected areas; surface area of dedicated coastal habitat; quality of beach water; residual waste; number of motor vehicles on the roads; number of observed
  13 KB (1,874 words) - 16:13, 24 August 2020
• Analysis of the ICZM process in The Netherlands
  ...ir policy. Nevertheless, the Dutch Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (‘Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat’, MinVenW) has writte ...ncreasing storm damages in seafront settlements and aims at more resilient water systems of coastal zones.
  7 KB (1,104 words) - 22:27, 6 September 2020
• Resilience and resistance
  ...eady stable state. Due to the energy flow through the system (food, light, water motion), it moves cyclically or stochastically around stable states (so-cal ...h quality' habitats that harbour healthy mature communities, but also 'low quality' and disturbed habitats that are required for those species that contribute
  27 KB (3,924 words) - 20:34, 18 September 2023
• Coastal cities and sea level rise
  ...</ref>. Flood risks are not limited to urban areas situated below the high water level at sea; more inland situated areas are also affected because an incre ...re often below the high-water level of the nearby sea or river and collect water from the surrounding higher grounds in the event of heavy rainfall. They ar
  51 KB (7,528 words) - 12:22, 22 January 2024
• Rhode Island Salt Pond Special Area Management Plan – Case Study
  ...he installation of individual house sewage systems, and alterations of the quality and quantity of freshwater inflow resulting from development activities. Th ...activities. The state’s shoreline buffers and setbacks are linked to the water use categories. RICRMC has developed SAMPs to address cumulative and second
  13 KB (1,954 words) - 10:13, 25 July 2020
• US Coastal Zone Management Program
  ...shows the impacts of climate change to the shoreline, fisheries, and water quality. ...ibilities include developing and enforcing local regulations over land and water uses, coordinating local interagency activities, supporting outreach and ed
  13 KB (1,909 words) - 10:16, 25 July 2020
• Species extinction
  ...e biodiversity|climate change]] such as global warming has increased local water temperatures beyond the suitable range of many species. Such changes have m ...algal blooms]] (e.g. ‘red tide’), oxygen depletion and declining water quality. Moreover, the loss of coastal habitats has also resulted in historical los
  25 KB (3,716 words) - 18:44, 23 February 2024
• Eutrophication and climate change
  ...growth and may result in undesirable ecological balance and degraded water quality. Impacts of increased water temperatures may increase productivity, leading to higher phytoplankton bio
  4 KB (534 words) - 12:30, 20 February 2024
• Essential Fish Habitat
  ..., breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity.” EFH may consist of both the water column and the bottom habitat of a particular area. Several sources of dat ...conduct an activity in an EFH that could have an impact on the quantity or quality of habitat must work with NMFS to identify impacts. Based on such findings,
  5 KB (799 words) - 10:12, 25 July 2020
• Chesepeake Bay Program
  ...esapeake Bay region in the 1970s after decades of steadily declining water quality. The Chesapeake Bay Program evolved from a well-funded scientific study to ...effort. This time period coincided with the passage of the Federal [[Clean Water Act]] which mandated reductions in point sources of pollution. Section 117
  14 KB (2,018 words) - 10:10, 25 July 2020
• Clean Water Act
  ...of fish, shellfish and wildlife and provides for recreation in and on the water”, wherever attainable. The fundamental purpose of the CWA has been widely Covers point sources of pollution discharging into a surface water body.
  11 KB (1,629 words) - 10:10, 25 July 2020
• US National Estuary Program
  ...ary Program (US NEP https://www.epa.gov/nep), as an element of the [[Clean Water Act]] (CWA), to restore and maintain the integrity of estuaries of national ...y individual states and use a holistic ecosystem-based approach to address water pollution and related environmental issues of concern to stakeholders. The
  8 KB (1,140 words) - 18:07, 2 January 2021
• US National Estuarine Research Reserve System
  ...more than one million acres (4,000 km²) of estuarine land, wetlands, and water. ...acts of land use and population growth; habitat loss and alteration; water quality degradation; and changes in biological communities.
  6 KB (789 words) - 18:08, 2 January 2021
• US Army Corps of Engineers’ Coastal Programs
  ...of the [https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act Clean Water Act] in 1972 vastly increased the USACE’s authority over dredging and fil ...rces. In 1990, environmental protection became one of the primary goals of water resources projects. In more recent years, small ecosystem restoration proje
  9 KB (1,363 words) - 09:56, 25 July 2020
• Tampa Bay Estuary Program
  Tampa Bay is Florida’s largest open-water estuary, spanning 400 square miles, with a drainage area nearly six times t ...urban development caused a significant deterioration in the bay’s water quality and habitat, and natural resources. Urban development, dredging, canals, a
  10 KB (1,451 words) - 18:08, 2 January 2021
• Marine Plankton
  ...ving organisms that spend at least a part of their life cycle suspended in water. The term [[plankton]] is actually a Greek word, meaning ''that which is ma ...s with only little ability to control their fine-scale distribution in the water column. '''Holoplankton''' refers to those organisms that spend their entir
  34 KB (5,059 words) - 17:27, 25 April 2024
• Mediterranean seagrass ecosystem
  ...e amount of sediment suspended in the water, helping to maintain the clear water conditions P. oceanica requires for growth. ...cleaner. ''P. oceanica'' meadows are excellent indicators of environmental quality as they can only grow in clean unpolluted waters. Moreover, their rhizomes
  37 KB (5,390 words) - 17:55, 24 February 2023
• Nutrient loading of coastal waters
  ...ecades. The quality of marine waters is monitored continuously by means of water samples [[In situ monitoring of eutrophication|(in-situ data)]] and [[Remot ...ecasting future impacts of different management strategies on marine water quality. The role of eutrophication models is schematically depicted in Fig. 1.
  5 KB (748 words) - 23:24, 19 September 2020
• Public participation in coastal management in Honduras
  ...,327 approximately and a total area of 112,090 km² from which 200 km² is water. ...ng possibilities? Most public forums need good facilitation to ensure high quality dialogue.
  15 KB (2,167 words) - 13:42, 1 August 2019
• FerryBox - Continuous and automatic water quality observations along transects
  ...onment in the coastal areas and shelf seas of Europe with an adequate data quality is a serious hindrance to an understanding of marine systems. Currently, op ...ve and reliable possibility to obtain regular observations on near surface water parameters. Applying such a FerryBox system on ferry boats or ships-of-oppo
  15 KB (2,302 words) - 17:48, 29 June 2019
• Using model simulations to support monitoring - Implementation & Results
  ===Fresh water signals at Helgoland=== ...ater parcels that were seen by both of the two systems and to estimate the water parcels’ travel times between the two measurements. Coloured dots represe
  8 KB (1,174 words) - 15:24, 23 August 2020
• Dynamics and structure of the water and matter ex-change between the Wadden Sea and the German Bight
  ...g physical impact from tidal currents and waves and significant changes in water temperature, salinity, and suspended matter concentration, to name a few pa ...ideal observational tool would be a continuous monitoring of the exchanged water bodies including the dissolved and suspended matter and the bedload transpo
  13 KB (2,006 words) - 14:59, 2 July 2023
• Water quality services GMES - MarCoast in Germany
  ...ts of biological and morphological parameters in order to assess the water quality from an ecological point of view. The BLMP is currently being extended in t ...em, WAQSS. Products of derived satellite data are provided to assess water quality in coastal areas. Examples of maps of a) suspended matter concentration, b)
  12 KB (1,740 words) - 17:34, 23 August 2020
• Suspended particulate matter distribution in the North Sea
  ...and estuaries. Turbidity is caused by all kinds of small particles in the water, some of mineralic composition, such as clay minerals, and others of organi ...f the ecological conditions of the North Sea. The SPM concentration in the water column regulates the penetration depth of light and, therefore, it is an im
  12 KB (1,825 words) - 22:56, 20 August 2020
• Water quality services GMES - MarCoast
  #REDIRECT [[Water quality services GMES - MarCoast in Germany]]
  63 bytes (9 words) - 18:09, 28 April 2009
• Organochlorine compounds
  ...nes which are [[mutagenetic]] or acutely toxic.<ref>OSPAR Commission 2000. Quality Status Report 2000, OSPAR Commission, London.</ref> ...ine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the [[food chain]] ([[biom
  2 KB (300 words) - 17:09, 1 September 2020
• DDT
  ...hlorine pesticides enter the marine environment mainly through inputs from water and air, as a result of their use in agriculture. Although the use of DDT i ...E ratio, the contamination must be a recent one<ref>OSPAR Commission 2000. Quality Status Report 2000, OSPAR Commission, London</ref>.
  3 KB (429 words) - 14:06, 9 August 2020
• Mercury
  [[Effects of heavy metals on the sperm quality and the larvae survival of sea urchins]]<P> [[List of priority substances|Included in the water framework list of priority substances]]
  3 KB (459 words) - 14:24, 9 August 2020
• Cadmium
  [[Effects of heavy metals on the sperm quality and the larvae survival of sea urchins]]<P> [[List of priority substances|Included in the water framework list of priority substances]]
  3 KB (435 words) - 14:04, 9 August 2020
• Pollution and benthic fish
  ...re, benthic fish are more often affected by diseases related to poor water quality, such as fin rot or epidermal tumors. These diseases occur much more often ...g them to need more oxygen. To extract more oxygen, they have to pump more water through their gills, causing them also to adsorb more contaminants. Unlike
  4 KB (589 words) - 18:11, 16 February 2024
• Heavy metal content of mussels in the Western Scheldt estuary
  ...lity. The high concentrations in the Eastern Scheldt were unexpected since water pollution has been drastically reduced. Presumably metals stored in the soi
  4 KB (576 words) - 18:29, 5 November 2019
• The distinctive features of marine biodiversity
  in water; terrestrial organisms live in air. Environmental change in the sea has a m ...astal seas a very large proportion have larvae that remain floating in the water for a period of days to months. These high dispersal capacities are often a
  4 KB (676 words) - 15:38, 27 December 2020
• Isoproturon
  ...curs as colourless crystals which melt at 158°C. It's slightly soluble in water and polar organic solvents<ref name = ea>[http://www.environment-agency.gov ...3 Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality]</ref>.
  3 KB (425 words) - 14:19, 9 August 2020
• Effects of climate change on the North Atlantic benthos
  ...tat|deep-sea]] communities at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP), at 4,850m water depth, have been studied since 1989. In the period 2005-2008 it has been st ...rom the surface layer to the sea floor. These changes in food quantity and quality probably explain the ‘boom-bust’ cycles (rapid abundance increases foll
  7 KB (957 words) - 18:30, 22 February 2021
• The Baltic Algae Watch System - a remote sensing application for monitoring cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea
  ...water. Humans and especially children who get in contact with contaminated water usually suffer from skin irritation, stomach problems and symptoms similar ...terial blooms in the Baltic Sea is the increasing input of nitrogen to the water. Most cyanobacteria use dissolved molecular nitrogen (N2) as an additional
  25 KB (3,748 words) - 23:00, 21 August 2020
• Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta
  ...tself, occupies and area of approximately 1.300 km2 and the most important water system, the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta has an area of 450 km2, being by ...potranspiration of 1800 mm/a. Because of this dynamics and the movement of water and the connection with the rivers, the [[salinity]] of the Lagoon can vary
  24 KB (3,723 words) - 14:47, 3 August 2019
• Al Hoceima coast
  ...lt water, which may be adversely affected by the extraction of underground water or by discharges into the natural environment.</br> 2. Quality of bathing water</br>
  11 KB (1,586 words) - 12:49, 6 August 2019
• Guria Coastal Region
  - Bathing water quality and beach litter - Weak quality of the [[Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)]] process in coastal develop
  5 KB (662 words) - 10:54, 8 July 2020
• Policy instruments for integrated coastal zone management
  ...In coastal zone management the policy area can be the sites, environmental quality, habitats and recreational opportunities of the coast. This can be achieved ...y to farmers so that they can improve their irrigation systems to use less water.
  24 KB (3,649 words) - 16:22, 2 September 2020
• ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES FOR INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
  ...igent monitoring that can support the SAF simulation itself and enrich the quality of the simulation of the Policy Issue and enrich its associated scearions. ...he product 'aquaculture, as well as the general reduction of environmental quality. In this case, the database also provides the end user of the technical use
  14 KB (1,931 words) - 22:26, 6 July 2020
• Wave energy converters
  ...amics to maximize power output, and (3) power electronics to improve power quality to transfer the non-standard AC power into direct current (DC) power for en ===Oscillating Water Columns (OCW)===
  62 KB (9,587 words) - 22:04, 7 May 2024
• Groundwater management in low-lying coastal zones
  Groundwater is an important resource for drinking water and irrigation. However, groundwater extraction in low-lying coastal zones [[Image:WorldWaterDistribution.png|thumb|300px|left|Fig. 1. World water distribution. Source: pbslearningmedia <ref>pbslearningmedia https://www.pb
  42 KB (6,275 words) - 21:00, 30 March 2023
• Overtopping resistant dikes
  ...lure probability by wave overtopping over grass-covered and damaged dikes. Water 13 (5), 690</ref>. ...n 1/10,000 per year. In the 1990ties it was decided by law that all major water defences should be periodically assessed for safety (periodicity of about 6
  19 KB (3,217 words) - 00:20, 9 March 2023
• Use of X-band and HF radar in marine hydrography
  ...d the Doppler shift predicted from surface gravity waves moving over still water. They showed that the observed differences resulted from near-surface ocean ...propagation. Based on this relation it is possible to compose maps of the water depth ([[bathymetry]]), which can be used in monitoring the sand transport
  36 KB (5,694 words) - 16:25, 28 January 2024
• Oesterparasiet
  ...aarom wordt er vermoed dat de parasiet via de kieuwen van de oester in het water terecht kan komen om vervolgens nabijgelegen oesters (eveneens via de kieuw ...d, toonde aan dat oesterculturen die 1 tot 2 meter diep aan vlotten in het water hingen minder geparasiteerd werden dan oesters die gekweekt werden op een d
  25 KB (3,728 words) - 09:56, 1 August 2014
• AMBER
  ...ted measurements of biogeochemical transformation processes in the coastal water and the groundwater will be applied and integrated on the “Research Level * Development of Ecological Quality Objectives (EcoQOs) for the application of EAM following the guidance of IC
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• Tropisch puzzelraderdier
  ...ematigde streken. Dit raderdiertje is een vrijzwemmende soort die ook brak water tolereert. Via het transport met ballastwater van schepen doorheen kanalen ...gedijen in gematigde gebieden. Het is een vrijzwemmende soort die ook brak water tolereert <ref name=two>Azémar, F.; Van Damme, S.; Meire, P.; Tackx, M. (2
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• Baltcica
  ...can affect not only the built environment but also water availability and quality.
  2 KB (340 words) - 15:32, 20 October 2011
• Vision and Objectives
  ...include ‘Horizon 20-20’, the Water Framework Directive and other water quality standards. ...al results and benefits. These Third Order Outcomes, e.g., improved water quality, justify financial investments and motivates the stakeholders and instituti
  5 KB (736 words) - 12:02, 25 July 2020
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management: analysis of the environmental condition of the coastal area of the Northern Range of Trinidad
  ...ng process. Mulino conference on European policy and tools for sustainable water management. Venice. ...atural resources, land use change, and emissions (waste, chemicals) to the water and soil.
  20 KB (2,944 words) - 10:35, 10 August 2019
• HELCOM (Helsinki Commission) and Helsinki Convention
  ...es taken by the Parties may not lead to unwanted effects on the quality of water and air or cause increased risks to human health, both within and outside t
  8 KB (1,182 words) - 20:16, 2 September 2020
• Waterframework Directive and Eutrophication
  ...WFD further states that Member States should aim to restore the ecological quality status of all surface waters to '''good''' unless doing so would be unfeasi ...different anthropogenic pressures that can effect the ecological status of water bodies is nutrient enrichment which causes electrification. Therefore, alth
  4 KB (658 words) - 14:02, 30 July 2020
• Building the Evidence: Diagnostic Report for ICZM
  ...m, and should be actively involved in the analysis in order to improve the quality of the analysis itself. ...' for its intended use i.e. these should be appropriate and of a necessary quality, without being excessively complex or more expensive to obtain than require
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• ICZM Scoping Pressures and Drivers
  ...icies, agricultural subsidy regimes, fisheries quotas, and waste and water quality directives. These will include both national and local policies and legal i
  3 KB (515 words) - 11:26, 25 July 2020
• Deep ocean observatories
  ...the consequences of these shifts. This demands a continuous stream of high quality data on climatically and ecologically relevant variables at a number of key ...me of our global emissions of carbon dioxide get locked away in deep ocean water masses helping to slow down global warming. Measuring the changing levels o
  10 KB (1,459 words) - 14:43, 7 November 2013
• Biogenic reefs of Europe and temporal variability
  ...nd [[anthropogenic]] pressures (OSPAR 2010<ref name= "OSPAR"> OSPAR, 2010. Quality Status Report 2010. OSPAR Commission. London. 176 pp. Available from: [http ...est England: possible role of climate change, artificial habitat and water quality amelioration. A report submitted to ''English Nature'', spring 2004.</ref>
  26 KB (3,875 words) - 18:26, 7 March 2023
• What causes eutrophication?
  ...rom fertilized agricultural areas, sewage from cities and industrial waste water. Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (from animal breeding and combustion ga ...ns in urbanized zones flushed by river runoff or by tidal action. Drought, water diversion or temporary closure of the sea inlet are possible causes of redu
  12 KB (1,760 words) - 15:05, 4 August 2023
• Nitrates Directive
  ...g water quality and forms integral part of the [[Water Framework Directive|Water Framework Directive]].</P> The Nitrate Directive aims '''to protect water quality''' across Europe by '''preventing nitrates''' from agricultural sources '''
  3 KB (386 words) - 09:23, 8 August 2019
• Dynamics, threats and management of biogenic reefs
  ...osa'' colonies are typically located in areas of weak to moderately strong water flow (Jones ''et al.'', 2000<ref>JONES L.A., HISCOCK K., CONNOR D.W., 2000 ...he extreme south west of Cornwall, which probably relates to the effect of water movement on [[[recruitment]] (Cunningham ''et al.'', 1984<ref name= "Cunnin
  69 KB (10,049 words) - 18:34, 7 March 2023
• Integrating Climate Change into the ICZM planning process - Setting the Vision
  ...erating a range of benefits. Examples include improvement in efficiency of water use, development of early warning systems that inform affected parties of e ...ecting some coastal areas and sea walls; or demand management measures for water which can be less costly then building additional reservoirs. These soft me
  8 KB (1,238 words) - 22:18, 1 August 2019
• Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive
  ...ly treated urban waste water discharges and discharges of industrial waste water from food-processing industries.</P> * Collection and treatment of waste water (including industrial waste waters) in all [[agglomeration|agglomerations]]
  6 KB (763 words) - 09:28, 8 August 2019
• Eutrophic
  ...rms of aquatic animal and plant life and showing increasing signs of water quality problems.}} ...n Eutrophication of Surface Waters: Policy/Research Needs in South Africa. Water Research Commission. Project K8/360.
  482 bytes (57 words) - 12:43, 30 July 2012
• Mesotrophic
  ...terms of aquatic animal and plant life and showing emerging signs of water quality problems.}} ...n Eutrophication of Surface Waters: Policy/Research Needs in South Africa. Water Research Commission. Project K8/360.
  497 bytes (58 words) - 12:43, 30 July 2012
• Hypertrophic
  ...concentrations where plant growth is determined by physical factors. Water quality problems are serious and almost continuous.}} ...n Eutrophication of Surface Waters: Policy/Research Needs in South Africa. Water Research Commission. Project K8/360.
  495 bytes (56 words) - 12:44, 30 July 2012
• OSPAR and eutrophication
  ...the order of 50% compared to 1985. Another objective is to achieve a water quality which is not exceeding a level which is 50% above the minimum level corresp
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• Possible consequences of eutrophication
  ...ant and float in the upper part of the ocean where sunlight penetrates the water. In a balanced ecosystem they provide food for a wide range of organisms su ...see the article [[Plankton remote sensing]]. Enclosed and semi-enclosed water bodies (e.g., coastal lagoons) are particularly sensitive to increased nutr
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• Schepen en instrumentarium
  ...zuurstof, fluorescentie en positie<ref name="sepa">http://www.sepa.org.uk/water/marine_science/ferry_box_project.aspx</ref>. Al deze sensoren werken simult ...oegd. Een TSG wordt manueel aangezet van zodra het schip de haven verlaat. Water stroomt door buizen tot aan het instrument, dat zich in de romp van het sch
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• Cultural heritage
  ...pment, enhancing, if properly managed, the local potentials for attracting quality tourism in an area. The protection of this heritage represents a special ch ...ries of managing coastal and marine resources, for instance in relation to water management or fisheries, at the same pace at which local identities are dem
  17 KB (2,560 words) - 21:44, 6 September 2020
• Coastal observation systems
  ...of the marine environment, e.g. to enable assessments of the environmental quality and long term changes. <br> ...a or on shore-based installations (Helgoland Island, Cuxhaven, and FINO3). Water is pumped from a subsurface inlet into the measuring circuit of multiple se
  39 KB (5,933 words) - 22:32, 25 October 2020
• Modelling coastal hydrodynamics
  ...odelling studies, whether sediment transport, morphology, [[waves]], water quality and/or ecological changes are being investigated. Research is being carrie ...ers. Under the influence of these external forces, the fluid motion of the water manifests itself as coastal currents, tides and tidal currents, internal an
  99 KB (15,083 words) - 13:37, 7 November 2021
• Ecological restoration of estuaries in North Western Europe
  ...lt marshes. In all ecosystems, there has been a parallel decrease of fresh water tidal habitats for fish, birds, and the benthos on which they feed. ...tuarine communities. This can be accomplished through increasing fluxes of water circulating in the estuary and re-establishing connections between the vari
  36 KB (5,283 words) - 14:03, 2 March 2023
• Public outreach
  ...xtreme weather conditions. Deltares maps out the impact of this on nature, water defences, coastal engineering projects, energy supplies and transport. Tech ...ent topics such as flood risk management, habitats, salinisation of ground water, and many more. <br> [https://publicwiki.deltares.nl/ Deltares public wiki]
  21 KB (3,266 words) - 13:04, 13 July 2020
• Scaling Issues in Hydraulic Modelling
  ...ion on wave breaking, turbulence or bottom friction, or numerous connected water channels. In these cases it is often necessary to use physical models for p ...cts are the most significant and that the viscosity and surface tension of water do not play significant roles.<p>
  54 KB (8,152 words) - 11:15, 7 September 2020
• Marine Biotechnology securing Environmental Health
  ...allowing in situ marine environmental monitoring to address coastal water quality, including prediction and detection of HABs and human health hazards;
  2 KB (212 words) - 15:08, 28 July 2015
• Marine Biotechnology in Atlantic, Celtic Sea, Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast
  The European Atlantic Sea Basin includes the sea surface, the water column and seabed off the European Atlantic coastline (including North Sea ...s and services that will invigorate the local population and improve their quality of life
  6 KB (831 words) - 11:18, 9 August 2019
• Marine Biotechnology in Black Sea basin
  ...ce of fresh water supplied by large rivers and the inflow of Mediterranean water through the Bosphorus (Istanbul) Strait. European rivers, the Danube, Dniep ...ique biological life in the Black Sea ecosystem. The deeper and more dense water layers are saturated with hydrogen sulfide, that over thousands years, accu
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• OSPAR eutrophication assessment
  == Ecological Quality Objectives (EcoQOs)== ...affecting the marine environment and provide a means to define the desired quality of the marine environment.
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• Marine Biotechnology in The Netherlands
  ...wards a new enterprise policy’, published in 2011. The special report ‘Quality in diversity: Strategic Agenda Higher Education, Research and Science’ wa ...ib">http://www.government.nl/documents-and-publications/reports/2012/08/30/quality-in-diversity.html</ref>
  10 KB (1,325 words) - 09:58, 10 August 2019
• Marine Biotechnology in Spain
  #Improve the quality of scientific and technical research to achieve the highest level of excell ...nclude: (1) Health, demographic change and well-being, (2) Food safety and quality, productive and sustainable farming, natural resources, marine and maritime
  24 KB (3,418 words) - 09:59, 10 August 2019
• Biosensing
  The monitoring can vary between the analysis of the water quality, prediction and detection of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) and the estimation ..., Villen, L., Haigh, D. (2007) Microalgal fiber-optic biosensors for water quality monitoring. Proceeding of society of photo-optical instrumentation engineer
  8 KB (1,148 words) - 16:29, 31 July 2015
• Coastal Wiki Editorial Board
  |Hydrodynamics / Water quality
  7 KB (956 words) - 12:59, 11 January 2022
• EU Maritime Policy: Green Paper 2006
  To stimulate growth, mantain competitiveness and ensure quality jobs within the Union, continued investments in knowledge and skills are ke ...maritime leisure opportunities or the positive effects of the sea on their quality of life (i.e. no indicators on the non-market value of the sea exist). With
  9 KB (1,418 words) - 17:17, 8 September 2020
• Marine Biotechnology in Canada
  ...h stocks, for selective breeding for the aquaculture industry and for food quality, security and traceability. ...an unparalleled tool for ocean experiments on the seafloor and through the water column, including studies of marine genomics of hydrothermal vent systems a
  11 KB (1,498 words) - 11:21, 9 August 2019
• Marine Biotechnology at Pan-European level
  - Integration of new, low environmental impact feed ingredients to improve quality of products and human health benefits. ...allowing in situ marine environmental monitoring to address coastal water quality, including prediction and detection of HABs and human health hazards;
  31 KB (4,415 words) - 10:05, 10 August 2019
• Marine Biotechnology in Australia
  ...re marine biotechnology, biodiversity assessment, climate change and water quality. AIMS’s marine biotechnology focuses on discovery of marine natural produ
  12 KB (1,775 words) - 11:18, 9 August 2019
• European policy on eutrophication: introduction
  ...n activity was initiated under the Common Implementation Strategy of the [[Water Framework Directive]] and the [[European Marine Strategy Framework Directiv ...ns models '''linking nutrient loading to ecological impact''' in different water body types and categories
  5 KB (704 words) - 11:19, 29 August 2020
• Marine Biotechnology in Korea
  ...orks on relevant ecology and biology of Arctic and Antarctic land, ice and water <ref name="pri">http://eng.kopri.re.kr/home_e/contents/e_2160000/view.cms</ ...n materials, including Kittolife, with products based on high-purity, high-quality chito-oligosaccharides www.kittolife.co.kr; and amBio, which is investigati
  12 KB (1,736 words) - 11:30, 9 August 2019
• PEGASO participation methods
  ...become a fundamental pillar of environmental processes as described in the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), the 2002 EU Recommendation on ICZM (2002/ ...therwise, it minimizes the uprising of conflicts and it leads to a greater quality and durability of decisions <ref name="Santos">Santos R., Antunes P., Bapti
  14 KB (1,962 words) - 14:57, 5 October 2021
• Marine Biotechnology in Mediterranean Sea basin
  ...ield of marine biotechnology are the following: Sustainable supply of high quality and healthy food, Sustainable alternative sources of energy, and Securing e ...ion of marine biotechnology and nanotechnology for control of ship ballast water bio-pollution; marine biomolecules for chemistry, health, cosmetics, flavou
  11 KB (1,641 words) - 11:32, 9 August 2019
• PEGASO indicator core set
  * [[Media:PEGASO Bathing water quality.pdf|Bathing water quality]] * [[Media:PEGASO Water efficiency index.pdf|Water efficiency index]]
  3 KB (433 words) - 21:44, 7 August 2021
• Participation in the Nile Delta
  ...orth parts of the Nile Delta, affecting the aquifer near the coast and the quality of agricultural land. ...s (land use, shore line management, natural resources management and water quality). Each sub-groups was responsible for the development of an action plan for
  2 KB (360 words) - 22:07, 1 August 2019
• Participation in the North Adriatic (BHAM)
  ...t coastal municipalities in the management and monitoring of bathing water quality, Ca’ Foscari University has developed a short-term forecasting model name ...requires the involvement of stakeholders dealing with spatial planning and water resources management (e.g. rivers, coastal waters, sewage systems) in order
  2 KB (222 words) - 13:12, 16 February 2024
• Alien species in the Belgian part of the North Sea and adjacent estuaries
  .../www.ospar.org/content/content.asp?menu=00650830000000_000000_000000 OSPAR Quality Status Report 2000]). ...last water to reception facilities at the port or treatment of the ballast water.
  8 KB (1,291 words) - 12:25, 7 November 2013
• In situ monitoring of eutrophication
  ...solved oxygen, chlorophyll fluorescence (phytoplankton concentrations) and water light transmission can be added to the cluster.</P> ...m a ship and measures the temperature (thermistor) as it falls through the water. Two very small copper wires transmit the temperature data to the ship. The
  14 KB (2,003 words) - 11:12, 20 February 2024
• European coastal and marine observatories (2020)
  ...ution of data of coastal observing systems, as well as the definition of a quality standard. ...e and visionary observational research infrastructure, expertise and high- quality data on European coastal and shelf seas, supporting world-class research, h
  47 KB (6,585 words) - 12:44, 8 September 2020
• Climate adaptation measures for the coastal zone
  ...or manmade) flood protection structures fail or are overtopped by extreme water levels<ref name=I>IPCC, 2011. Summary for Policymakers. In: Intergovernment ...known in sufficient detail, as well as the extent and frequency of extreme water levels along the coast. Reliable information requires observation records o
  30 KB (4,609 words) - 12:46, 15 November 2023
• Fisheries in Blankenberge
  ...lt), there are no additives, preservatives added. This all results in high quality taste. The Purus label also promotes sustainable fishing techniques<ref>[ht ...he Flemish Shellfish- and fish cooperation (VSVC) supply, via an exclusive quality label, '''North Sea Life''', life brown shrimps and swimming crabs to resta
  26 KB (3,911 words) - 12:46, 11 December 2014
• Fisheries in Heist
  ...lt), there are no additives, preservatives added. This all results in high quality taste. The Purus label also promotes sustainable fishing techniques. ...he Flemish Shellfish- and fish cooperation (VSVC) supply, via an exclusive quality label, '''North Sea Life''', life brown shrimps and swimming crabs to resta
  23 KB (3,510 words) - 12:47, 11 December 2014
• Fisheries in Oostduinkerke
  ...lt), there are no additives, preservatives added. This all results in high quality taste. The Purus label also promotes sustainable fishing techniques. ...he Flemish Shellfish- and fish cooperation (VSVC) supply, via an exclusive quality label, '''North Sea Life''', life brown shrimps and swimming crabs to resta
  33 KB (4,913 words) - 12:42, 11 December 2014
• Fisheries in Nieuwpoort
  ...and quality criteria to which fish must meet in order to receive the local quality label (Fish of Nieuwpoort) * To promote the fish of Nieuwpoort as a quality product
  30 KB (4,452 words) - 12:42, 11 December 2014
• Fisheries in Zeebrugge
  ...lt), there are no additives, preservatives added. This all results in high quality taste. The Purus label also promotes sustainable fishing techniques<ref>[ht ...he Flemish Shellfish- and fish cooperation (VSVC) supply, via an exclusive quality label, '''North Sea Life''', life brown shrimps and swimming crabs to resta
  30 KB (4,338 words) - 12:43, 11 December 2014
• Fisheries in Oostende
  ...lt), there are no additives, preservatives added. This all results in high quality taste. The Purus label also promotes sustainable fishing techniques<ref>[ht ...he Flemish Shellfish- and fish cooperation (VSVC) supply, via an exclusive quality label, '''North Sea Life''', life brown shrimps and swimming crabs to resta
  38 KB (5,499 words) - 12:43, 11 December 2014
• Fisheries in De Panne
  ...lt), there are no additives, preservatives added. This all results in high quality taste. The Purus label also promotes sustainable fishing techniques. ...he Flemish Shellfish- and fish cooperation (VSVC) supply, via an exclusive quality label, '''North Sea Life''', life brown shrimps and swimming crabs to resta
  30 KB (4,545 words) - 12:47, 11 December 2014
• Artificial Neural Networks and coastal applications
  ...Lopes, M. 2008. Procedures for estimation of modelling uncertainty in air quality assessment. Environ. Int. 34: 613–620</ref>. ...ated alongshore suspended sediment transport rate using 4 input variables (water depth, wave height and period, and alongshore velocity). The ANN was traine
  29 KB (4,514 words) - 16:02, 21 September 2023
• Coral Molecular Biomarkers
  ...cetates, glutathione, and glucuronic acid, which increase the toxicant’s water solubility and facilitate excretion (Downs, et al. 2012). Glutathione-S-tra ...extremely toxic (Nichols 1997). The average concentration of Hg in ocean water is relatively low, ranging from 0.5 -12.5 ng/l (Rice et al. 1997). The majo
  50 KB (7,106 words) - 12:42, 14 September 2020
• Coastal hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes and engineering
  * [[Shallow-water wave theory]] * [[Wave transformation]] , see [[Shallow-water wave theory]]
  20 KB (2,422 words) - 12:26, 20 February 2024
• Estuarine dispersion: dye experiments in the Eastern Scheldt scale model
  ...esign and execution of the hydraulic works, but it was also used for water quality studies. The fresh water discharge to the Eastern Scheldt is very small, less than 50 m3/s on averag
  7 KB (1,059 words) - 17:29, 2 July 2023
• Bed roughness and friction factors in estuaries
  ...ong the course of the flow because of a number of reasons: friction of the water against the bed and the banks, irregularities of the bed (so-called “bedf in which <math>h(x,t)</math> is the mean water depth in a cross section,
  11 KB (1,741 words) - 18:18, 4 February 2023
• Harbour porpoise in the Belgian part of the North Sea
  ...">[http://www.ospar.org/. OSPAR. http://www.ospar.org/.]</ref>] Ecological Quality Objective (EcoQO), the [http://www.ascobans.org/ Agreement on the Conservat ...or obstacles. This adaptation called echolocation is necessary to live in water where light barely penetrates or where food is distributed at higher depth
  77 KB (11,773 words) - 16:58, 17 February 2024
• Ecosystem services
  ...benefits people obtain due to the regulation of natural processes such as water purification and erosion control. Cultural ecosystem services refer to the | style="border:1px solid gray;"| Air quality regulation
  28 KB (4,079 words) - 22:20, 6 April 2024
• Estuarine ecosystems
  ...upport fish, birds, and other wildlife and contribute significantly to the quality of life for humanity. Estuaries are said to be among the most productive na ...planview of a typical estuarine morphology at high water (HW, top) and low water (LW, bottom). ]]
  22 KB (3,117 words) - 23:14, 20 January 2024
• European Platform for Biodiversity Research Strategy: Recommendations 2005 meeting
  ...- Develop consistent methods for monitoring environmental parameters (e.g. water and sediment nutrient concentrations, light attenuation) to better interpre
  8 KB (1,083 words) - 17:18, 1 August 2019
• EU workshop (2007) on climate change and eutrophication
  ...growth and may result in undesirable ecological balance and degraded water quality (Per.comm., Stephen Malcolm, CEFAS). ...of nutrients (particularly nitrate) in runoff, but may also lower minimum water levels, increasing re-suspension (particularly phosphate) from bottom sedim
  11 KB (1,645 words) - 20:28, 27 June 2020
• Application of radar hydrography in the German Wadden Sea
  ...left|'''Figure 4b''': Direction of RDCP currents gridded by 15 m. Outgoing water flow changes direction from north to west. Base map used from TOP50 Schles ...h the antenna looking in all wind directions with 10° steps. An automatic quality control rejects routinely faulty data. The post processing procedure is to
  7 KB (1,137 words) - 17:04, 29 June 2019
• Pressures, impacts and policy responses in European coastal zones
  Many coastal sites still suffer from poor '''<u>water quality and soil quality</u>''' due to insufficient treatment of urban and industrial effluents. The ...nace-iucn-en.pdf Marine invasive species]</ref>. Transport by ship ballast water is the most common translocation mechanism, but intentional introduction al
  20 KB (2,992 words) - 20:35, 18 January 2022
• Threats to cold water coral reefs, sand banks and seagrass habitats in the North Sea by climate change effects
  Understanding how the climate change can impact vulnerable ecosystems of cold water coral reefs, sandbanks or seagrass beds is therefore of growing importance. ...ng seawater with their tentacles <ref>Essink, K. (editor) 2004. Wadden Sea quality status report. Common Wadden Sea Secretariat, Wilhelmshaven</ref>.
  14 KB (2,043 words) - 18:40, 7 March 2023
• Comprehensive assessment of coastal regions: the Russian example
  * the indicator of water quality in the mouth of the basic rivers,
  22 KB (2,907 words) - 16:17, 11 July 2020
• Field Observation Techniques, State of the Art 2012
  ...cation of the observed object, by deploying the sensor / instrument to the water or by [[inline measurement techniques]] (flow-through systems). Data record National and European legislative regulations such as the [[Water Framework Directive]] (WFD) and its implementation give a strong impetus to
  15 KB (2,177 words) - 13:39, 7 December 2023
• European Action Plan Theme Pollution prevention, detection and mitigation
  ...lutions. The issue of observing the state of pollution and improving water quality near coastal zones has been addressed in different ways in most coastal cou ...as well as the environment. Diverse source of pollution threaten the water quality and may be sorted in mostly two types:
  27 KB (4,006 words) - 18:23, 23 February 2019
• European Action Plan Theme Ecomorphology and habitat restoration
  | DHI Water Environment Health | Ecological conditions in coastal areas have a significant impact on quality of fish spawning grounds and subsequently on fish recruitment
  10 KB (1,499 words) - 12:55, 2 March 2023
• Nature-based shore protection
  ...tion and cost effectiveness are dependent on multiple parameters including water depth and vegetation / reef height.'' ...nds restoration or creation is mainly composed of croplands, paddy fields, water bodies and vegetated areas, and influences the effectiveness of tidal wetla
  69 KB (10,397 words) - 17:04, 17 April 2024
• Multifunctionality and Valuation in coastal zones: concepts, approaches, tools and case studies
  ...clean water into an economic one, contributing to an improvement of water quality and soliciting investments for wastewater treatment in some countries. Neve ...s in climate such as heat waves, reduced rainfall with all consequences on water resources etc. The challenge of economic assessments and of policies acting
  23 KB (3,467 words) - 18:50, 21 February 2024
• Multifunctionality and Valuation in coastal zones: introduction
  :* clean water requested for beach tourism might be in conflict with the port’s interest ...sk of damages which might be caused by marine transports to beaches, water quality and natural habitats conservation and the related uses and functions.
  15 KB (2,274 words) - 18:44, 21 February 2024
• Marine data portals and tools
  ...s in as many countries. This network has been able to collect, control the quality of, and archive millions of ocean observations, and makes these available t ...tes tide gauge sea level data at varying levels of temporal resolution and quality control.
  25 KB (3,541 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2021
• EU ICZM policies
  ...s affecting the coastal zone were predominantly issue oriented (e.g. water quality) and reactive in nature. Furthermore the governance of coastal and marine a * [[Water Framework Directive]] (WFD 2000)
  6 KB (896 words) - 17:43, 15 February 2024
• Application of Land and Ecosystem Accounts (LEAC)
  ...e estimates following specially designed mapping procedures, analysing the quality and quantity (area) of land and [[biodiversity]] resources and their change | Water|| 5|| 5|| 521|| Coastal lagoons
  27 KB (3,989 words) - 16:53, 26 December 2020
• Natural variability and change in coastal ecosystems
  ...natural variation is influenced by issues relating to [[climate change]], water catchments and human activity is also discussed. ...tic. This in turn affects ocean surface currents and hence the movement of water towards North-Western Europe, in particular into the North Sea. It is expec
  28 KB (4,152 words) - 12:34, 6 March 2022
• EU legislation for coast and sea
  ...'''[[Water Framework Directive]]''' https://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/water-framework/index_en.html ...promote sustainable water use based on a long-term protection of available water resources, to enhance protection and improvement of aquatic ecosystems, to
  21 KB (3,017 words) - 20:10, 8 October 2021
• Definitions of marine ecological terms
  ...ters a given contaminant in an environmental medium (e.g., soil, sediment, water, food) being processed by the organism. Proportion by mass of dissolved chloride ions in water. See [[Salinity]].
  39 KB (5,335 words) - 13:31, 6 March 2022
• Governance policies for a blue bio-economy
  ...-algae) ecosystem services]]) <br> M = Non-marketable services, e.g. water quality, landscape, P = restoration coastal wetlands, E = contribution to carbon se
  15 KB (2,228 words) - 12:39, 21 April 2024
• Seaweed (macro-algae) ecosystem services
  ...ate and tropical oceans of the world, where they generally inhabit shallow water and coral reefs, and the genus is widely known for its planktonic (free-flo ...kipedia.org/wiki/Gracilaria ''Gracilaria''] (mainly in China) and one cold-water genus ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyra ''Porphyra''], also known as
  35 KB (5,044 words) - 17:21, 16 February 2024
• River tides
  ...the associated risk of flooding. This is especially the case when the mean water level is raised by an exceptional river discharge or by a storm surge at th ...r and adjacent wetlands. The tide therefore contributes to improving water quality and to ecological diversity of the fluvial ecosystem, by offering a unique
  25 KB (4,110 words) - 15:21, 20 April 2024
• Tidal rivers
  ...jpg|thumb|right|400px|Fig. 1. Floodplain of the Scheldt tidal river at low water, downstream of Gentbrugge. Photo credit Waterwegen en Zeekanaal NV<ref>Verh ...ain aquatic vascular plants (macrophytes) are well adapted to the variable water levels and achieve high rates of primary productivity in spite of the ever
  14 KB (2,146 words) - 12:57, 23 June 2023
• Satellite-derived nearshore bathymetry
  ...or example [[Data processing and output of Lidar]], but only in very clear water. LIDAR observations are also expensive. Airborne remote sensing with hypers ...lor remote sensing. LIDAR and color remote sensing both require calm clear water. Wave remote sensing also needs daylight, and works best with energetic wav
  32 KB (4,966 words) - 22:35, 9 February 2024