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• Groynes
  ...oreline from [[coastal erosion]]. A more detailed treatment of the effects of groynes is given in [[Groynes as shore protection]]. ...istence of medium-strong longshore sediment transport are major conditions of groynes efficiency.
  8 KB (1,248 words) - 17:16, 5 October 2021
• Port breakwaters and coastal erosion
  ...an "isolated environment", with a rivermouth in the sea and with the mouth of a large estuary. The analysis of the effects of the port breakwaters on [[coast erosion|coastal erosion]] cannot be approached without replacing
  7 KB (1,098 words) - 16:44, 5 July 2020
• Detached shore parallel breakwaters
  ...ple of an "artificial reef". For a more extensive treatment see [[Detached breakwaters]]. ==Background of erosion management==
  6 KB (878 words) - 20:33, 4 July 2020
• Definitions of coastal terms
  ...related to the living environment is given in the article '''[[Definitions of marine ecological terms]]'''. ...uals/u43544q/636F617374616C20656E67696E656572696E67206D616E75616C/ </ref>. Other definitions are based on the related Coastal Wiki articles. Terms related t
  79 KB (11,862 words) - 21:40, 1 April 2024
• Natural causes of coastal erosion
  ...described in e.g. [[Human causes of coastal erosion]]. Most of the content of this article is drawn from Mangor et al. 2017 <ref> Mangor, K., Drønen, N. ...ent cell. In practice there is always a net leakage of sediment from or to other coastal regions, but this can be a very slow process. So even though the co
  14 KB (2,169 words) - 17:21, 26 August 2022
• Human causes of coastal erosion
  ...s correspond to alternating phases of erosion and accretion. [[Definitions of coastal terms#Coastal erosion|Structural erosion or accretion]] can only ha ...of coastal erosion]] are discussed in another article. Most of the content of this article is drawn from Mangor et al. 2017 <ref> Mangor, K., Drønen, N.
  29 KB (4,651 words) - 22:27, 2 July 2022
• Detached breakwaters
  ...ating breakwaters and other special type breakwaters. Different aspects of breakwaters as coastal protection are discussed, as well as their impacts on shoreline Most of the content of this article is drawn from Mangor et al. 2017 <ref> Mangor, K., Drønen, N.
  31 KB (4,715 words) - 23:55, 30 March 2024
• Revetment
  ...f stone, concrete units or slabs, etc., built to protect a scarp, the foot of a cliff or a dune, a dike or a seawall against erosion by wave action, stor ...st flooding. Furthermore, a revetment is often a supplement to other types of protection such as seawalls and dikes.
  1 KB (179 words) - 11:46, 30 March 2021
• Coves - artificial formation and use
  ...the cove opening is too narrow circulation will be reduced and the quality of the water will decrease and secondly the cove may trap debris and seaweed. ...is normally a small beach between two headlands with little or no exchange of sediment with the adjacent shorelines, see [[Embayed beaches]]. Many natura
  4 KB (646 words) - 17:40, 18 January 2022
• Wave transformation
  The following types of transformation are mainly related to wave phenomena occurring in the natura The following types of wave transformation occur mainly in connection with ports and the like. If
  6 KB (1,006 words) - 13:44, 22 February 2024
• Currents
  The various types of currents in the sea, which may be important to coastal processes in one way ...portance. Wind-generated current speeds are typically less than 5 per cent of the wind speed.
  14 KB (2,112 words) - 14:00, 20 January 2024
• Applicability of detached breakwaters
  ...icle [[detached breakwaters]], which describes different types of detached breakwaters, their effects etcetera. ...breakwater schemes. It has been demonstrated that, on some types of coast, breakwaters function differently to groynes. A breakwater can, for example, trap sand o
  8 KB (1,250 words) - 15:00, 4 October 2021
• Groynes as shore protection
  ...littoral drift]]. We distinguish four types of coast (see [[Classification of sandy coastlines]]): *type 1: ''Perpendicular wave incidence'', angle of incidence close to zero, small net littoral drift
  21 KB (3,352 words) - 17:17, 5 October 2021
• How to apply models
  ...rious stages of a coastal development project. Further, examples are given of projects where proper analysis and modelling have formed the basis for succ ...assets of coastal development schemes. It is recommended that the planning of a coastal development scheme includes the following coastal engineering dis
  18 KB (2,697 words) - 11:29, 20 February 2024
• Transport and dispersion of pollutants, nutrients, tracers in mixed nearshore water
  ...mena that occur in the marine environment. The '''transport and dispersion of pollutants, nutrients and tracers in mixed nearshore water''' can have dire ...da. ''Physica D'' '''210''' (1–2) 1–20.</ref> High concentration zones of [[pollutant]]s have been found along coastal regions far from the coastal s
  19 KB (2,775 words) - 16:03, 7 October 2021
• Hydrodynamic numerical models of wave-structure interaction
  ...ic model approaches for simulating the interaction between water waves and breakwaters in the surf zone. ...induced dynamics. Formulations derived from experimentations, are, in most of the cases, semi-empirical in nature with their form based on physical consi
  21 KB (3,036 words) - 16:03, 25 February 2023
• Floating breakwaters
  ==Use of floating breakwaters== ...ght|Fig. 1. Example of floating box-breakwater (Fezzano,SP-Italy; courtesy of INGEMAR srl)]]
  16 KB (2,356 words) - 15:28, 30 March 2024
• Structural erosion
  ...[[erosion]] is long-term erosion of a stretch of [[coast]]. Gradual losses of sediment with time occur in separate cross-sectional profiles.}} ...an explanation of different types of coastal erosion, see [[Natural causes of coastal erosion]] and [[Dealing with coastal erosion]].
  1 KB (151 words) - 16:53, 27 March 2021
• Seawalls and revetments
  ...s and revetments. The article further explains how and why the application of a seawall or revetment might be used to resolve well-defined real life coas ...cle with a seawall an almost vertical structure is meant. The seaward side of the seawall is thought to be rather smooth.
  13 KB (2,089 words) - 20:07, 18 September 2023
• Typical examples of structural erosion
  This article mentions three classical examples of man-induced [[structural erosion]] problems: # stabilization of a river mouth / tidal inlet;
  8 KB (1,293 words) - 20:50, 31 March 2021
• Detached breakwater
  ...to parallel, to the coast, build inside or outside the surf zone. Detached breakwaters are mainly built with two purposes, either to protect a ship wharf from wav ...finitions of coastal terms#Headland|headlands]]. See also [[Application of breakwaters]].
  1 KB (210 words) - 18:14, 29 February 2020
• Revetments
  The following article discusses the fixing of the coastline by revetments. ...le and interlocking. In this way their functionality is increased in terms of absorption and strength.
  6 KB (972 words) - 23:01, 26 March 2024
• Sand dune - Country Report, Latvia
  ...in the Netherlands in November 1991. It attempted to provide a description of the [[sand dunes|sand dune vegetation]], sites and [[conservation]] issues ...pool, UK (Doody ed. 2008)<ref>Doody, J.P., ed. 2008. ''Sand Dune Inventory of Europe, 2nd Edition''. National Coastal Consultants and EUCC - The Coastal
  11 KB (1,598 words) - 14:00, 2 March 2023
• Tsunami
  ...he wavelength of wind-generated waves and much smaller than the wavelength of tidal waves. }} [[Image:RingofFireUSGS.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Figure 1: Ring of fire around the Pacific. Image USGS.]]
  28 KB (4,414 words) - 12:41, 25 April 2024
• Diffraction
  ...his view, wave propagation into a semi-closed area is the interference sum of all the waves that propagate radially from a wave front at the open boundar ...of breakwaters or other structures in nearshore waters make generally use of physical scale models or numerical models for determining the wave diffract
  3 KB (386 words) - 10:46, 18 September 2022
• Topic:Engineering
  =Overview of Coastal Wiki articles related to engineering measures= * [[Detached breakwaters]]
  1 KB (121 words) - 12:22, 20 February 2024
• Accretion and erosion for different coastal types
  ...for three different types of ports is also described in the article [[Port breakwaters and coastal erosion]]. ...coasts (for a more detailed description, see the article [[Classification of sandy coastlines]]).
  10 KB (1,662 words) - 18:11, 18 January 2022
• Sand dune - Country Report, Poland
  ...in the Netherlands in November 1991. It attempted to provide a description of the [[sand dunes|sand dune vegetation]], sites and [[conservation]] issues ...pool, UK (Doody ed. 2008)<ref>Doody, J.P., ed. 2008. ''Sand Dune Inventory of Europe, 2nd Edition''. National Coastal Consultants and EUCC - The Coastal
  33 KB (5,282 words) - 09:26, 30 July 2019
• Sand dune - Country Report, Portugal
  ...in the Netherlands in November 1991. It attempted to provide a description of the [[sand dunes|sand dune vegetation]], sites and [[conservation]] issues ...pool, UK (Doody ed. 2008)<ref>Doody, J.P., ed. 2008. ''Sand Dune Inventory of Europe, 2nd Edition''. National Coastal Consultants and EUCC - The Coastal
  17 KB (2,536 words) - 09:38, 30 July 2019
• Wave energy converters
  ...ated at about 30,000 TWh/yr (3.10¹³ kWh/yr), which is about 20% of the 2019 world energy consumption. However, due to technological and econom ...tion). From Rusu and Rusu (2021<ref>Rusu, L. and Rusu, E. 2021. Evaluation of the Worldwide Wave Energy Distribution Based on ERA5 Data and Altimeter Mea
  62 KB (9,587 words) - 22:04, 7 May 2024
• Overtopping resistant dikes
  ...ing with the Wave Overtopping Simulator. In: Coasts, marine structures and breakwaters, Adapting to change 2: 460-473</ref>. * Erosion of the inner slope by overtopping waves is a major cause of dike failure.
  19 KB (3,217 words) - 00:20, 9 March 2023
• Gravel Beaches
  ...ynamics. Earth science Reviews 79 33-52.</ref>. In the UK, about one third of the coastline is protected by such beaches <ref name ="Fuller 1988">Fuller, ...Coates, T. T. (1993). UK South Coast shingle beach study: storm response of shingle beaches. HR Wallingford Report SR 323.</ref>. Two examples from th
  40 KB (6,109 words) - 17:19, 24 February 2023
• Wave energy converters in coastal structures
  ...ilt in shallow water where the depth imposes the maximal amplitude because of wave breaking. ...nnels are dredged in response to the increase of maritime traffic and size of container carriers.
  20 KB (3,003 words) - 15:51, 25 February 2023
• Modelling coastal hydrodynamics
  ...investigated. Research is being carried out to improve the representation of tides, waves, currents, and surge in coastal waters. <br> ...from the three methodologies are presented together with an extensive list of references.
  99 KB (15,083 words) - 13:37, 7 November 2021
• Scaling Issues in Hydraulic Modelling
  ...he need of using physical modelling. There is also little public awareness of the physics behind several coastal processes and physical modelling can hel ...ing, its advantages in relation to numerical modelling, some basic aspects of physical modelling, related scaling issues and how to control hydraulic mod
  54 KB (8,152 words) - 11:15, 7 September 2020
• Coastal hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes and engineering
  This article presents an overview of the Coastal Wiki content (July 2017) on coastal hydrodynamic and morphodyna * pages of Wikipedia
  20 KB (2,422 words) - 12:26, 20 February 2024
• Sand-filled geosystems in coastal engineering
  ...practitioners in general, insight in the applications and the limitations of sand-filled geosystems in coastal engineering and guide them forward to fur ...systems. They can be filled with sand, gravel or mortar, yet only the use of sand as filling material is considered in this article.
  33 KB (4,961 words) - 17:31, 20 May 2020
• Decision Support Systems for coastal risk assessment and management
  ...adaptation options, and finally for the selection of the best combination of measures that can promote coastal safety and sustainability in a changing c ...ires communicating present and possible trends in risk, building awareness of potential impacts and their implications.
  17 KB (2,405 words) - 11:54, 20 February 2024
• Extreme storms
  ...ing Hurricane Ernesto in 2006. (credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior/USGS, U.S. Geological Survey/photo by Susan Caplan) )]] ...t: NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce)]]
  25 KB (3,812 words) - 20:36, 18 September 2023
• Rhythmic shoreline features
  ...and sand (see [[Wave ripples]] and [[Wave ripple formation]]). The origin of the shoreline undulations is unknown but they are probably self-organized t ...with a wavelength <math>L</math> or, at least, there exists the suggestion of a recurrent alongshore spacing <math>L</math>. We then refer to these undul
  41 KB (6,530 words) - 10:19, 3 July 2022
• Swash zone dynamics
  ...iety of sand, gravel, rock or coral barriers. This influences the exchange of sediment between the land and ocean, which ultimately forms the coastline. ...e erosion of coastal dunes. Swash hydrodynamics also influence the ecology of the intertidal zone and groundwater levels in sub-aerial littoral beaches a
  32 KB (4,942 words) - 12:58, 5 April 2021
• Shallow-water wave theory
  ...ransformation. The following sections describe some aspects of wave theory of particular application in coastal engineering. Some results are quoted with ...heory and Design Practice (2nd ed) E & FN Spon.</ref>, with the permission of Spon Press.
  86 KB (13,927 words) - 12:36, 3 May 2023
• Littoral drift and shoreline modelling
  ...from [[shallow-water wave theory]]. In this article a generalized version of this model (called GENESIS <ref name=H>Hanson, H. and Kraus, N. C. 1989. G ...rs, B.F. 2024. Characterizing longshore transport potential and divergence of drift to inform beach loss trends. Coastal Engineering 189, 104473</ref>.
  26 KB (4,053 words) - 13:58, 30 April 2024
• Pressures, impacts and policy responses in European coastal zones
  ...r of knowledge and experience among coastal sites, with full consideration of site-specific conditions. ...European coastal environments. They all host valuable ecosystems and most of them have a NATURA2000 status. Dark blue = entirely NATURA2000, light blue
  20 KB (2,992 words) - 20:35, 18 January 2022
• Hard coastal protection structures
  ...res adopted for risk reduction of coastal erosion in the People's Republic of China. Ocean & Coastal Management 103: 134-145</ref> ...arge parts of this article are taken from the coastal engineering handbook of Reeve, Chadwick and Fleming (2018)<ref> Reeve, D., Chadwick, A. and Fleming
  15 KB (2,145 words) - 16:46, 27 September 2021
• Dealing with coastal erosion
  ...osion]]. When dealing with coastal protection measures one has to be aware of this distinction. ...ach for a protection scheme calls, however, for insight in the real causes of the actual erosion problem.
  18 KB (2,830 words) - 16:57, 26 August 2022
• Nature-based shore protection
  ...protection is provided by living shorelines that generate in addition many other [[ecosystem services]]. In this article, under the general term 'living sho ...tion]] gives and introduction to the role of vegetation for the protection of dune coasts. Shore nourishment is a widely practiced nature-based coastal p
  69 KB (10,397 words) - 17:04, 17 April 2024
• Stability of rubble mound breakwaters and shore revetments
  ...tal engineering manual. Report No 110-2-1100. Washington DC: US Army Corps of Engineers https://www.publications.usace.army.mil/USACE-Publications/Engine ...mmarising a few important notions, focusing on the example of rubble mound breakwaters and shore revetments.
  53 KB (8,270 words) - 18:27, 26 March 2024
• Ecological enhancement of coastal protection structures
  ...the integration of ecosystems that reinforce the shore protection function of artificial structures. Examples discussed in this article are ecological en ...nited States coastline (Popkin, 2015<ref>Popkin, G. 2015. Fourteen percent of U.S. coastline is covered in concrete. Science [Online]. Available: https:/
  16 KB (2,325 words) - 21:09, 31 March 2024
• Shoreline retreat and recovery
  Two types of processes can be responsible for shoreline retreat and advance. .... The other type is beach erosion/accretion related to temporal variations of the shoreline.
  29 KB (4,526 words) - 12:45, 24 April 2024

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