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  • ...ardening in the US. Front. Ecol. Environ. 13: 301–307</ref>, and coastal structures exist along 9.4% of the coastline in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage ...ki articles are indicated where a more detailed discussion of hard coastal structures can be found. Large parts of this article are taken from the coastal engine
    15 KB (2,145 words) - 16:46, 27 September 2021
  • #Redirect[[Hard coastal protection structures]]
    47 bytes (5 words) - 18:59, 21 February 2019

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  • ...shore into the sea. [[Groyne]]s are examples of [[hard coastal protection structures]] which aim to [[coastal protection|protect]] the shoreline from [[coastal ...generally designed as a group comprising from a few to tens of individual structures (see [[Groynes as shore protection]]). A scheme of interacting groynes is s
    8 KB (1,248 words) - 17:16, 5 October 2021
  • ...ted to pollution due to the harbour traffic, because the basins constitute structures relatively closed with any or little exchanges with the open sea. *Consequently, by refraction around the work, the coast is attacked hard by the waves downstream it, and there is a greater erosion due to the fact
    7 KB (1,098 words) - 16:44, 5 July 2020
  • ...intenance and lifetime service as well as the rebuilding or dismantling of structures when their lifetime is over. ...oast to reduce the energy attacking the coastline. The term “Low crested Structures” (LCSs) usually designates the most common [[detached breakwater]] types,
    6 KB (878 words) - 20:33, 4 July 2020
  • Growth (vertical and/or horizontal) of morphological structures ([[#Beach|beach]], [[#Bar|bar]], [[#Dune|dune]], [[#Sand bank|sand bank]], # Applying a hard protective layer, a so-called [[armour layer]], on a breakwater or seawall,
    79 KB (11,862 words) - 21:40, 1 April 2024
  • ...esponds to the [[Closure depth|closure depth]] and the landward limit to a hard boundary (seawall, cliff, ..). In the case of a dune coast the active zone ...fast process in case of soft cliffs (till, clay) and very slow in case of hard-rock cliffs. Other examples of ongoing natural erosion are given below.
    14 KB (2,169 words) - 17:21, 26 August 2022
  • ...ic equilibrium. If some parts are highly resistant to erosion (presence of hard outcrops or cliffs, for example), this can take a very long time. However, ==Interference with coastal structures==
    29 KB (4,651 words) - 22:27, 2 July 2022
  • ...any old detached breakwaters in Italy have been transformed into submerged structures. Use of submerged breakwaters began in Italy in the 1980s and resulted in m ...water-level. Floating breakwaters are seldom used as shoreline management structures because they are not suitable for installation in the open sea.
    31 KB (4,715 words) - 23:55, 30 March 2024
  • ...omoting natural dune development requires limiting negative interferences. Structures that obstruct sand supply to the beach by interrupting littoral drift shoul ==Artificial hard dune core==
    9 KB (1,306 words) - 19:25, 1 August 2023
  • ...tion and storm surge, such as flooding. Seawalls are normally very massive structures because they are designed to resist the full force of waves and storm surge [[Image:Seawall structures.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Fig. 1. Examples of seawall structures.]]
    3 KB (523 words) - 13:06, 30 December 2022
  • [[Category:Hard structures]]
    2 KB (355 words) - 12:09, 16 September 2020
  • ...cept is often used in situations where the coastline has been fixed with a hard structure (seawall, revetment), which has accelerated erosion of the natura [[Category:Hard structures]]
    4 KB (628 words) - 18:42, 22 January 2024
  • ...ccur naturally (between to headlands) or artificially (between two coastal structures) and has specific functional characteristics. The [[cove]] concept is simi ...artificial pocket beaches will begin to form by themselves as soon as the structures have been built, however it is recommended to include initial beach fill in
    4 KB (646 words) - 17:40, 18 January 2022
  • ...re two-dimensional in the horizontal plane due to complex bathymetries and structures in the [[nearshore]] zone. ...partially rocky coastlines or along coastlines where coral reefs or other hard reefs are present. Irregular depth contours give rise to irregular wave pat
    14 KB (2,112 words) - 14:00, 20 January 2024
  • ...the coast and can eventually result in loss of natural coastal protection structures such as beaches and marshes (so-called [[coastal squeeze]]<ref> Doody, J.P. ...rotection practices are compared in the articles [[Hard coastal protection structures]] and [[Dealing with coastal erosion]].
    1 KB (169 words) - 17:59, 7 March 2023
  • Sea defence structures are important components that can help create a [[coastal squeeze]]<ref> Do * Different protection measures are described in [[Hard coastal protection structures]].
    1 KB (159 words) - 19:21, 9 February 2019
  • Boundary rips are related to the presence of hard topographic structures (headlands, groynes, jetties) that locally shield the beach from obliquely ...ffshore structures - natural seabed structures or manmade structures. Such structures produce a longshore modulation of wave energy in the breaker zone by shield
    8 KB (1,278 words) - 10:16, 3 July 2022
  • ...erosion, because of sediment retention behind upstream dams, hard coastal structures and/or conversion of mangrove forests to aquacultures <ref> Syvitski, J.P.,
    41 KB (6,164 words) - 16:08, 21 January 2024
  • ...it comes to considering the most appropriate design scenarios for coastal structures. #Minimise the use of hard coastal protection schemes, give high priority to the quality of the natura
    38 KB (5,697 words) - 22:31, 2 July 2022
  • It is recommended to use few large structures instead of many small structures in order to enhance the aesthetic appearance of a segmented breakwater sche ...and groynes can, to some extent, be avoided by optimising the shape of the structures. This is the subject of the next subsection.
    8 KB (1,250 words) - 15:00, 4 October 2021
  • ...e solutions but rather because groynes are widely applied shore protection structures and well suited to explain various basic morphological responses including ...easing littoral drift in the transport. Upper panel: Shoreline without any structures; middle panel: Effect of a single long groyne; bottom panel: Effect of a si
    21 KB (3,352 words) - 17:17, 5 October 2021

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