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• How to apply models
  ...nly for the coastal engineers and planners. This article on ''How to apply models'' will discuss the optimal use of the modelling tools at various stages of [[Image:how to apply models schematic_5.jpg|right|230px]]
  18 KB (2,697 words) - 11:29, 20 February 2024
• Process-based morphological models
  ...cant changes to the coastal system. The present article discusses how such models can be applied for longer time frames. ==The Morphological Area Models==
  8 KB (1,312 words) - 22:48, 28 June 2019
• Behaviour-based models
  ...cales may not dominate at longer scales, and in such cases behaviour-based models can be advantageous both from a practical and a scientific perspective. ...odel reproduces the behaviour to a required accuracy. Many behaviour-based models are numerical in nature, due to the complexity of measured boundary conditi
  6 KB (828 words) - 13:50, 12 November 2021
• Parametric equilibrium models
  Parametric equilibrium models represent the shape of the coastline or its response to forcing through sim
  8 KB (1,195 words) - 12:36, 3 October 2021
• Hydrodynamic numerical models of wave-structure interaction
  ...-type and Navier-Stokes equations models have traditionally been used. SPH models have also appeared more recently as an alternative. ===NonLinear Shallow Water (NLSW) models===
  21 KB (3,036 words) - 16:03, 25 February 2023
• Stability models
  ...tures that are frequently dominated by self-organized processes. Stability models are the genuine tool to understand these processes and make predictions on ...ences. However, '''stability models''' are nowadays commonly associated to models for pattern formation. Thus, we will focus here in this broad class of appl
  41 KB (6,565 words) - 16:15, 4 October 2021
• Definitions, processes and models in morphology
  ...ud transport, sediments and ecology, sediments and pollution, mathematical models and data model integration. ==Mathematical models of sediment transport and morphology==
  11 KB (1,603 words) - 22:20, 1 July 2020
• Long-term modelling using 1-line models - GENESIS and new extensions
  51 bytes (6 words) - 18:31, 29 May 2018
• Use of models, Data Model Integration
  77 bytes (9 words) - 15:32, 6 December 2007
• Stability Models: Linear and nonlinear
  #REDIRECT [[Stability models]]
  30 bytes (3 words) - 16:55, 21 September 2008

Page text matches

• ICZM-Best practice case study in the Bay of Luebeck
  *Models, scenarios, and cost-benefit analysis were good approaches to convey impact *Models, scenarios, and cost benefit analysis constitute a good basis for discussio
  13 KB (1,840 words) - 16:14, 24 August 2020
• Coastal morphology
  :[[Stability models]] :[[Process-based morphological models]]
  1 KB (169 words) - 11:23, 20 February 2024
• Definitions of coastal terms
  ...s]], [[Wave ripple formation]], [[Sand ridges in shelf seas]], [[Stability models]]. The smallest bedforms play an important role in the friction exerted by * Physical models. These models copy salient features of nature at a reduced scale in a laboratory setting.
  79 KB (11,862 words) - 21:40, 1 April 2024
• Bar
  :[[Stability models]]
  2 KB (297 words) - 12:22, 27 March 2021
• Sea level rise
  ...ccording to satellite observations and coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation models<ref name=H17/>. However, transmission across the continental slope is large ...omponents of sea-level rise according to different scenarios and different models are presented in Table 2.
  41 KB (6,164 words) - 16:08, 21 January 2024
• Foresight project, UK
  ...importantly, direction. This should include analysis of a range of climate models and be combined with analysis of changes to surges to generate consistent s ...change. More fundamentally, the conflicting results from different climate models need more detailed comparison and analysis to study the causes of these dif
  3 KB (532 words) - 15:10, 22 July 2019
• Coastal pollution and impacts
  ...ed by a general reduction of nutrient discharges. At present, mathematical models on [[ecosystem]] dynamics are reliable enough to estimate dose-effect relat
  26 KB (3,841 words) - 16:44, 20 February 2024
• Total economic value in coastal management practice
  ...f there were no externalities. It can be estimated with market theoretical models, although the uncertainty margins are often considerable. This value is com
  11 KB (1,658 words) - 18:45, 3 March 2024
• How to apply models
  ...nly for the coastal engineers and planners. This article on ''How to apply models'' will discuss the optimal use of the modelling tools at various stages of [[Image:how to apply models schematic_5.jpg|right|230px]]
  18 KB (2,697 words) - 11:29, 20 February 2024
• Temp Main Page
  Promoting development, demonstration & dissemination of new and emerging models & methodologies for prediction of changes to coastal systems.<br>
  5 KB (584 words) - 14:05, 20 September 2007
• Process-based morphological models
  ...cant changes to the coastal system. The present article discusses how such models can be applied for longer time frames. ==The Morphological Area Models==
  8 KB (1,312 words) - 22:48, 28 June 2019
• Risk and coastal zone policy: example from the Netherlands
  ...ater Resources Systems Planning and Management An Introduction to Methods, Models and Applications, UNESCO and WL|Delft Hydraulics, ISBN 92-3-103998-9</ref>)
  14 KB (2,223 words) - 20:01, 18 September 2023
• Real-time algae monitoring
  ...sing a combination of [[in situ]], [[optical remote sensing]] and computer models for the Dutch coastal zone is presented. The article also pays attention to ...d resolution however cloud cover can limit the temporal coverage. Computer models can also be used to calculate the temporal and spatial coverage on chloroph
  8 KB (1,124 words) - 22:53, 1 September 2020
• Remote sensing
  ...tion have evolved into advanced mathematical and statistical methods using models and analysis techniques as described in [[Data analysis techniques for the
  11 KB (1,586 words) - 18:47, 19 February 2024
• Optical remote sensing
  ...pplied world wide and are very under all conditions covered by the optical models upon which they are based.
  7 KB (935 words) - 13:12, 7 December 2023
• Coastal tract modelling
  ...f the coastal tract are modelled using behaviour-orientated coastal change models and constrained by sediment mass conservation. The rate of coastal advance : [[Behaviour-based models]]
  2 KB (320 words) - 23:45, 10 November 2021
• Behaviour-based models
  ...cales may not dominate at longer scales, and in such cases behaviour-based models can be advantageous both from a practical and a scientific perspective. ...odel reproduces the behaviour to a required accuracy. Many behaviour-based models are numerical in nature, due to the complexity of measured boundary conditi
  6 KB (828 words) - 13:50, 12 November 2021
• Parametric equilibrium models
  Parametric equilibrium models represent the shape of the coastline or its response to forcing through sim
  8 KB (1,195 words) - 12:36, 3 October 2021
• Blue carbon sequestration
  ...to climate change impacts and their treatment in biogeochemical ecosystem models. Marine Pollution Bulletin 166: 112223</ref>.
  41 KB (6,267 words) - 13:40, 21 April 2024
• Hydrodynamic numerical models of wave-structure interaction
  ...-type and Navier-Stokes equations models have traditionally been used. SPH models have also appeared more recently as an alternative. ===NonLinear Shallow Water (NLSW) models===
  21 KB (3,036 words) - 16:03, 25 February 2023
• Tidal asymmetry and tidal inlet morphodynamics
  ...s no longer a small quantity, as confirmed by fully nonlinear mathematical models (Peregrine, 1966<ref> Peregrine, D.H. 1966. Calculations of the development
  53 KB (8,417 words) - 12:56, 20 January 2024
• Nutrient conversion in the marine environment
  ...certainties of future global marine primary production in marine ecosystem models. Biogeosciences 12: 6955– 6984</ref>.
  26 KB (3,923 words) - 20:02, 4 August 2023
• Stability models
  ...tures that are frequently dominated by self-organized processes. Stability models are the genuine tool to understand these processes and make predictions on ...ences. However, '''stability models''' are nowadays commonly associated to models for pattern formation. Thus, we will focus here in this broad class of appl
  41 KB (6,565 words) - 16:15, 4 October 2021
• Environmental risk assessment of marine activities
  ...ding the type of activities, the study area, potential gaps in data and/or models and the uncertainty issue of risk assessment. Here we focus on methods rele ...lity analysis, Poisson distributions or Bayesian theory. These statistical models require the use of past data and assumptions about future trends. Much of t
  36 KB (5,430 words) - 20:20, 18 September 2023
• Case study risk analysis of marine activities in the Belgian part of the North Sea
  ...mental Concentration (PEC) based on the calculated release rates and spill models;
  17 KB (2,600 words) - 21:25, 31 July 2019
• Dune erosion
  ...ses of varying storm surge levels and storm clusters, the use of numerical models is required. ...accurate dune erosion forecasts therefore require numerical process-based models that are capable to simulate the effect of such features, also including th
  42 KB (6,534 words) - 12:05, 15 November 2023
• Manual Sediment Transport Measurements in Rivers, Estuaries and Coastal Seas
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  5 KB (654 words) - 20:48, 19 August 2020
• Reduction of uncertainties through Data Model Integration (DMI)
  ...(DMI)]]. This article describes the criteria which can be used to evaluate models, how to reduce uncertainties, and two DMI-approaches: [[model calibration]] ===Uncertainties in models and data===
  22 KB (3,245 words) - 17:54, 2 July 2020
• Effect of climate change on coastline evolution
  ...d by most numerical models and the large sales described in the conceptual models of geomorphologists. An additional problem is that the type of model often ...ortunately [[Littoral drift and shoreline modelling|one-line morphological models]] are able to represent alongshore beach movement at large spatial and temp
  8 KB (1,288 words) - 21:24, 19 March 2021
• Submarine groundwater discharge
  ...In order to assess the magnitude of SGD, different investigations based on models and on direct measurements have been carried out. Indirect indicators of SG ...hydrogeological methods based on the water balance approach and numerical models.
  31 KB (4,626 words) - 12:46, 12 August 2021
• Bed load
  :[[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  842 bytes (97 words) - 16:11, 24 September 2018
• Case study: Applying ASMITA to UK estuaries
  ...elocity. This diffusion type sediment transport model contrasts with other models for net sediment transport where advective processes play a dominant role, ...to reproduce historic estuary evolution for four UK estuaries. Calibrated models were used to predict the maximum rate of sea-level rise (SLRCRIT) each estu
  7 KB (1,063 words) - 11:37, 13 November 2021
• Instrument characteristics of point-integrating suspended load samplers
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  4 KB (599 words) - 16:38, 19 August 2020
• Guidelines for selection of sediment transport samplers
  #*data for verification of models; * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  6 KB (807 words) - 14:38, 19 August 2020
• Measuring instruments for rivers
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  4 KB (591 words) - 20:17, 29 June 2019
• Measuring instruments for estuaries
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  4 KB (457 words) - 20:13, 29 June 2019
• Measuring instruments for coasts
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  12 KB (1,782 words) - 11:43, 7 September 2020
• Introduction, problems and approaches in sediment transport measurements
  ...n the results of field measurements, laboratory scale models and numerical models. * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  6 KB (862 words) - 17:15, 19 August 2020
• Definitions, processes and models in morphology
  ...ud transport, sediments and ecology, sediments and pollution, mathematical models and data model integration. ==Mathematical models of sediment transport and morphology==
  11 KB (1,603 words) - 22:20, 1 July 2020
• Principles, statistics and errors of measuring sediment transport
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  7 KB (944 words) - 15:27, 20 August 2020
• Computation of sediment transport and presentation of results
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  3 KB (330 words) - 11:50, 19 August 2020
• Measuring instruments for sediment transport
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  27 KB (3,920 words) - 22:17, 19 August 2020
• Measuring instruments for particle size and fall velocity
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  18 KB (2,803 words) - 20:15, 29 June 2019
• Measuring instruments for bed material sampling
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  6 KB (901 words) - 22:03, 19 August 2020
• Laboratory and in situ analysis of samples
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  4 KB (536 words) - 17:16, 19 August 2020
• In situ measurement of wet bulk density
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  4 KB (584 words) - 14:46, 19 August 2020
• Instruments for bed level detection
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  7 KB (1,105 words) - 13:16, 7 December 2023
• Argus video
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  3 KB (414 words) - 16:20, 14 February 2024
• Measuring instruments for fluid velocity, pressure and wave height
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  10 KB (1,442 words) - 20:14, 29 June 2019
• Land-ocean interaction in the coastal zone
  ...various facets of the natural environment, and similarly large numbers of models dealing with human social systems. However, there have been very few attemp ...rate dynamic interpretations of data and source empirical data to populate models.
  13 KB (1,995 words) - 17:08, 20 September 2020
• Formal Capacity Building
  ...nd education, to estimate the demand for coastal professionals, to develop models of ICZM training and education, and to develop strategies for carrying out
  12 KB (1,722 words) - 15:10, 5 October 2021
• Greek case studies: The implications of the expected sea level rise on the low lying areas of continental Greece in the next century
  ...ta of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the use of mathematical models, it is estimated that by the year 2050, the temperature will rise by 1°C a
  6 KB (955 words) - 12:47, 31 July 2020
• Underwater video systems
  ...s providing underwater housings for video cameras. Very rarely, two camera models even from the same manufacturer share size, shape and locations of the cont ...camera controls directly. Usually fitted with a flat port, there are also models that provide a dome port (see below).
  18 KB (3,032 words) - 15:13, 22 August 2020
• Capacity building
  ...and proven methodologies; networking and funding opportunities; replicable models for addressing community needs and managing resources; options for organiza
  5 KB (700 words) - 15:32, 4 October 2021
• Floating breakwaters
  ...first three types have been more widely investigated by means of physical models and prototype experience than the last one. ...e design is necessarily based on the combination of numerical and physical models<ref>Martinelli, L. and Ruol, P. 2006. 2D Model of Floating Breakwater Dynam
  16 KB (2,356 words) - 15:28, 30 March 2024
• Helley-Smith sampler (HS)
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  6 KB (893 words) - 14:39, 19 August 2020
• Delft Nile bed load and suspended load sampler (DNS)
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  6 KB (889 words) - 14:07, 19 August 2020
• Bed form tracking
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  5 KB (760 words) - 17:12, 29 June 2019
• USP-61 suspended load sampler
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  5 KB (673 words) - 17:07, 23 August 2020
• Delft Bottle suspended load sampler
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  6 KB (808 words) - 14:08, 19 August 2020
• USD-49 depth-integrating sampler
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  4 KB (650 words) - 15:19, 22 August 2020
• Collapsible-Bag depth-integrating sampler
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  6 KB (946 words) - 11:28, 19 August 2020
• Pump sampling in unidirectional and oscillatory flow
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  10 KB (1,576 words) - 15:33, 20 August 2020
• General principles of optical and acoustical instruments
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  9 KB (1,204 words) - 17:09, 26 October 2020
• Optical backscatter point sensor (OBS)
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  11 KB (1,594 words) - 11:42, 20 August 2020
• Acoustic point sensors (ASTM, UHCM, ADV)
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  12 KB (1,685 words) - 16:25, 8 September 2020
• Acoustic backscatter profiling sensors (ABS)
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  22 KB (3,217 words) - 11:14, 9 September 2020
• Optical Laser diffraction instruments (LISST)
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  9 KB (1,258 words) - 21:00, 29 June 2019
• Decision support tools
  ...ount of pertinent spatial information assisted by analytical or predictive models. However, decision support systems are not restricted to handling quantitat ...can include physical, ecological and economic simulation and optimization models, to be used in interactive mode in the decision-making process. They help i
  12 KB (1,735 words) - 20:16, 18 September 2023
• Regional economic accounting methods
  ...key economic parameters on which remain uncertainties. In addition, those models are expensive and time consuming (it takes months to years to build a CGE m
  3 KB (463 words) - 15:58, 13 July 2020
• Input-output matrix
  ...ification of the demand due to price variation must be integrated into I-O models but this makes them heavier to handle because of numerous products and/or d
  12 KB (1,790 words) - 16:15, 8 July 2020
• Computable general equilibrium
  ...ls to (negatively) affect labour demands. One of the main interests of CGE models is their dynamic characteristic enabling to make projections up to 100 year ...stainability impact assessment : the use of computable general equilibrium models. Economie internationale 2004/3, n° 99, pp. 9-26.</ref>.
  9 KB (1,259 words) - 14:06, 1 August 2019
• Coupled hydrodynamic - water quality - ecological modelling
  ..., it can also be used to predict future conditions. As such, computational models used for real-time and forecasting calculations can be an important compone ...ch an integrated modelling approach generally requires a series of coupled models, or an 'effect chain' as shown in Figure 1. [[Image:effect chain voor nicki
  7 KB (1,046 words) - 17:21, 7 September 2020
• Light fields and optics in coastal waters
  ...tions, but measurements in this area are imprecise and current theoretical models do not take the full structural complexity of phytoplankton cells into acco ...s of the medium, and any internal source functions (Figure 2). Light field models can generate a complete set of radiance values, but their output is usually
  26 KB (3,866 words) - 20:41, 19 August 2020
• Travel cost method
  ...neuf (2004), 'What’s the Use? Welfare Estimates from Revealed Preference Models when Weak Complementarity Does Not Hold', ''Journal of Environmental Econom
  8 KB (1,259 words) - 21:18, 3 March 2022
• Effects of global climate change on European marine biodiversity
  ...fication]] could affect the productivity of [[phytoplankton]]. A number of models predict an increase in global [[Primary production|primary production]] of
  16 KB (2,428 words) - 13:04, 21 February 2024
• Measurements of biodiversity
  ==Species-abundance models<ref name="Magurran"/> == ...hat general ecological principles must govern species abundance. Different models have been proposed based on various assumptions regarding the underlying ec
  49 KB (7,689 words) - 12:26, 4 March 2024
• Problem structuring in decision-making processes
  ...Kolkman, M.J. (2005), Controversies in water management: frames and mental models. Febodruk BV, Enschede, The Netherlands</ref>) which consist of many divers ...lution combination (Teisman 2000<ref name=Teisman> Teisman, G. R. (2000). "Models For Research into Decision-Making Processes: On Phases, Streams and Decisio
  11 KB (1,501 words) - 16:59, 14 July 2020
• Ocean acidification
  ...on-constrained estimates of the global ocean carbon sink from Earth system models. Biogeosciences 19: 4431–4457</ref>. The uptake of <math>CO_2</math> has
  23 KB (3,325 words) - 17:13, 22 April 2024
• Ecological thresholds and regime shifts
  ...ich may preclude a return to the previous state. In nonlinear mathematical models, regime shifts are associated with critical or bifurcation points, and are ...the pool<ref>Drake, J.A., Huxel, G.R. and Hewitt, C.L. 1996. Microcosms as models for generating and testing community theory. Ecology 77: 670–677</ref>. E
  13 KB (1,919 words) - 12:33, 2 March 2024
• Experiences with beach nourishments in Portugal
  ...ignificant scientific progress and the availability of several forecasting models on the market. Prudence and good sense are necessary.
  37 KB (5,937 words) - 18:06, 18 January 2022
• Suspended load
  :[[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  1 KB (125 words) - 21:57, 23 September 2018
• Wash load
  * [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  954 bytes (126 words) - 10:09, 28 November 2007
• Pump samplers
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  10 KB (1,497 words) - 14:34, 7 October 2021
• Bottle and trap samplers
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  13 KB (1,984 words) - 12:21, 12 August 2020
• Data processing and output of Lidar
  ==Data processing to Digital Terrain Models (DTMs)==
  12 KB (1,887 words) - 13:22, 7 December 2023
• Bed load transportmeter Arnhem (BTMA)
  * Chapter 2: [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  5 KB (725 words) - 17:13, 29 June 2019
• Pollution prevention, detection and mitigation in European coastal waters
  ==Transport and dispersion models== ...mporal and spatial scales. For further details on transport and dispersion models can be found in the Coastal Wiki articles [[Seawater intrusion and mixing i
  26 KB (3,940 words) - 16:24, 20 February 2024
• Mariculture
  ...ted with models to forecast HAB development and evolution. These numerical models are generally better at predicting HAB initiation than HAB termination, but
  46 KB (6,591 words) - 18:12, 4 May 2024
• Tidal flats from space
  ...e of each surface type (endmember spectra). That means that this technique models an image pixel as a linear mixture of a specified number of materials with
  14 KB (2,127 words) - 11:32, 17 February 2024
• Thresholds and Marine Policies
  - clearly interpretable and predictable by validated quantitative models
  9 KB (1,369 words) - 15:54, 7 October 2021
• Salt marshes
  In 2008 the European Union commissioned a series of Habitat Management Models for several of the more important communities. Included is a model for habi
  28 KB (4,120 words) - 21:17, 24 April 2024
• Coral reefs
  ...to climate change impacts and their treatment in biogeochemical ecosystem models. Marine Pollution Bulletin 166, 112223</ref>). A strong relationship has be
  27 KB (4,098 words) - 22:25, 5 April 2024
• Ocean circulation
  ...inertial wind power input varied widely from 0.3 to 1.5 TW using numerical models. However, recent calculations on the basis of observations suggest that the
  17 KB (2,486 words) - 15:39, 3 May 2021
• Space geodetic techniques for coastal zone monitoring
  ...rents and meteorological phenomena. For some of these parameters available models have been developed either in a global, regional or local scale. Finally, t ...ented in Figure 9. Apart from a picture of the mean state of the sea, such models offer a great opportunity to perform studies on the variations of the sea l
  24 KB (3,830 words) - 18:53, 19 February 2024
• Science-Policy Interaction
  ==Models of science-policy interaction== '''Scientific models do not represent the real world''' <br>
  24 KB (3,360 words) - 13:16, 2 February 2023
• Tsunami
  ...of the shoreface (a factor of 2 and possibly more, see section [[#Tsunami models]]). Laboratory flume experiments and numerical models suggest that the maximum tsunami wave decreases sharply over a series of co
  28 KB (4,414 words) - 12:41, 25 April 2024
• Impact of tourism in coastal areas: Need of sustainable tourism strategy
  ...omotion of co-operation between sectors and of cross-sectorial development models; involving local people in drafting tourism policy and decisions
  26 KB (3,689 words) - 17:28, 5 May 2023
• Bathymetry German Bight from X-band radar
  ...ref>. The core of these methods is the inverse use of linear or non-linear models for the propagation of the wavefield over an uneven seabed, in order to der
  11 KB (1,665 words) - 16:35, 28 January 2024
• Bedforms
  :[[Stability models]]
  684 bytes (82 words) - 13:01, 27 March 2021
• Boundary conditions
  ...es, currents, drifts, etc. used as boundary input to physical or numerical models.<ref name="CIRIA (1996)"> CIRIA (1996). ''Beach management manual''. CIRIA
  294 bytes (34 words) - 13:24, 20 February 2019
• Stability Models: Linear and nonlinear
  #REDIRECT [[Stability models]]
  30 bytes (3 words) - 16:55, 21 September 2008
• Diffraction
  ...nearshore waters make generally use of physical scale models or numerical models for determining the wave diffraction pattern.
  3 KB (386 words) - 10:46, 18 September 2022
• Flood risk analysis study at the German Bight Coast
  ...he results obtained by the hazard analysis. Preliminary versions of breach models developed under FLOOD''site'' were used to calculate the expected breach di ...urce Software]) was used to perform the flood inundation simulation. SOBEK models the details of the flooding process and hence provide inundation depths, ve
  25 KB (3,734 words) - 11:46, 17 February 2024
• Principles of conservation, rehabilitation and restoration of estuarine and coastal habitats
  ...physical conditions needed by the selected indicator to develop. Numerical models can be proposed in terms, for example, of surface necessary to compensate f
  23 KB (3,205 words) - 17:00, 2 March 2023
• Integrated Assessment
  ...nd how it can be analysed, either choosing specific lay outs of integrated models or choosing disciplines, scientists and stakeholders to be involved. ...egrated models are implemented with a single computer code. Integration of models developed in a single disciplinary context encounters similar difficulties
  12 KB (1,633 words) - 14:45, 31 July 2020
• Institutional Capacity Building
  ...entres, dissemination of best practices, case studies, reference material, models, training material, etc.
  5 KB (673 words) - 17:37, 28 August 2020
• Eutrophication and climate change
  ...ical time-series data. Others by using coupled climate-catchment-ecosystem models, or perhaps even using experimental mesocosms. It is essential that combina
  4 KB (534 words) - 12:30, 20 February 2024
• US Army Corps of Engineers’ Coastal Programs
  ...requires peer review of Corps projects to address some of the questionable models used for developing USACE projects.
  9 KB (1,363 words) - 09:56, 25 July 2020
• Algal bloom dynamics
  ...of the phytoplankton population is optimized in the next time step. These models assume that the population is always tuned to optimum resource utilization
  42 KB (6,475 words) - 18:18, 12 February 2024
• Posidonia oceanica (Linnaeus) Delile
  ...ains the extremely slow colonisation rate of P. oceanica plants. Numerical models simulating the occupation of space by a P. oceanica meadow indicate that it
  10 KB (1,588 words) - 12:12, 7 September 2020
• Nutrient loading of coastal waters
  ...es and consequences of eutrophication and predict bloom events. Integrated models are the first choice, because eutrophication is the result of complex inter ==Use of models in eutrophication management==
  5 KB (748 words) - 23:24, 19 September 2020
• A review of biodiversity-ecosystem function research
  ...system function relationship, is recognised. At the same time, theoretical models have been extended to include environmental fluctuations <ref name = "Ives"
  23 KB (3,263 words) - 12:54, 6 September 2020
• SPICOSA
  ...'' consisting of generic assessment-methodologies, decision-support tools, models, and new knowledge useful for ICZM
  5 KB (787 words) - 00:25, 11 November 2018
• WiSAR - Wind retrieval from synthetic aperture radar
  ...180 directional ambiguities are removed by considering weather prediction models. ...ages acquired with horizontal (HH) polarization, no similar well-developed models exist, so that the horizontal polarized NRCS is converted to the vertical p
  7 KB (1,053 words) - 11:43, 8 September 2020
• Detecting the unknown - novelty detection of exceptional water reflectance spectra
  ...elengths, all of which will be used in the present algorithms. Bio-optical models often exclude several wavebands or give other wavelengths more weight. Exam
  9 KB (1,381 words) - 15:36, 20 September 2020
• FerryBox - Continuous and automatic water quality observations along transects
  ...have to be considered but which require numerical transport and ecological models for interpretation.
  15 KB (2,302 words) - 17:48, 29 June 2019
• Using model simulations to support monitoring - Methods&Techniques
  Numerical models offer information about marine circulation, the atmospheric state (radiatio ...ne of the generation of consistent data sets stored in coastDat: Numerical models for the atmosphere, currents or waves are coupled to or nested within each
  5 KB (796 words) - 17:00, 23 August 2020
• Dynamics and structure of the water and matter ex-change between the Wadden Sea and the German Bight
  ...en depletion phenomena. The exchange times are estimated from hydrodynamic models but not measured.
  13 KB (2,006 words) - 14:59, 2 July 2023
• Water quality services GMES - MarCoast in Germany
  ...for users combining data from in-situ measurements, space observation and models. The services provide information and support policy decisions in terms of ...operationally raw data from satellites, in-situ observations and numerical models into ocean state and forecasting baseline information. This information wil
  12 KB (1,740 words) - 17:34, 23 August 2020
• The heat budget of tidal flats
  ...udget and the bottom heat flux are determined by melding observations with models.]]
  6 KB (978 words) - 14:29, 22 August 2020
• Suspended particulate matter distribution in the North Sea
  By implementing this module in (operational) hydrodynamical models (e.g. the transport model of the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (
  12 KB (1,825 words) - 22:56, 20 August 2020
• Using satellite data for global wave forecasts
  ...he Omani and Abu Dhabi meteorological services, which run operational wave models for the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. ...rm peak at 3 UTC on January 9th 2005 and is well predicted by the forecast models.
  11 KB (1,681 words) - 22:49, 29 June 2019
• CONcepts and SCIENCE for coastal erosion management
  In order to test the applicability of the management concepts and models, 6 test sites have been selected and represent the most common European coa
  4 KB (526 words) - 17:44, 4 July 2020
• ENCORA portal
  Promoting development, demonstration & dissemination of new and emerging models & methodologies for prediction of changes to coastal systems.<br>
  7 KB (825 words) - 17:09, 19 March 2013
• Effects of climate change on the Mediterranean
  Climate models predict increasing variance in rainfall, with increased frequency of
  15 KB (2,170 words) - 13:39, 2 December 2020
• Climate change, evolution and biodiversity hotspots
  ...slow molecular evolution without morphological changes. They provide good models to help understand the speciation processes which lie at the heart of moder
  4 KB (580 words) - 16:43, 26 December 2020
• Disturbances of nematodes
  ...eased amount and frequency of rainfall (as predicted by [[climate change]] models) on sandy beaches from four different locations in Europe. Experimental bea
  4 KB (615 words) - 15:48, 10 September 2020
• Future marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research issues
  ...are experiencing, irregularities are extremely important. We must develop models that cope with irregular events, identify trends and predict scenarios. It ...ents are essential to underpin models, particularly for regionally focused models<ref name="ma"/>.
  15 KB (2,229 words) - 18:36, 22 February 2021
• The Baltic Algae Watch System - a remote sensing application for monitoring cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea
  ...n that that the combination of satellite imagery, observations, forecasts, models and tools assembled at one website, is a powerful nowcasting tool for monit
  25 KB (3,748 words) - 23:00, 21 August 2020
• ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES FOR INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
  ...data was insufficient or inadequate to support reasonably good simulation models. Hence, it is strongly recommended that a minimum data requirement be met ...ess that starts from the problem, provides monitoring solutions to enhance models performance, and suggests technological innovation that can be included int
  14 KB (1,931 words) - 22:26, 6 July 2020
• Wave energy converters
  ...gy converters. EWTEC Conference, Uppsala, 7-11 Sept 2009</ref>. Full-scale models are thought to be able to generate up to 250 kW<ref name="DEXA"/>. However, ...period before they are deployed on a large scale. Mathematical simulation models can be of great value here, because this is a quick and relatively inexpens
  62 KB (9,587 words) - 22:04, 7 May 2024
• Artificial reefs
  ...element stability are available the need to combine numerical and physical models with practice and experience in the field to establish the real stability o ...ide <math>b</math> and <math>\delta</math>; but some examples of numerical models exist in literature (Van Ettinger, 2005<ref name="VanEtt"/>; Muilwijk, 2005
  41 KB (6,487 words) - 22:37, 2 July 2022
• Groundwater management in low-lying coastal zones
  ...gmentary due to the complexity of the groundwater system. Groundwater flow models are crucial for estimating the influence of abstractions on the groundwater ...nterventions in the groundwater system. However, the design of groundwater models and the interpretation of model results still require highly specialized kn
  42 KB (6,275 words) - 21:00, 30 March 2023
• Overtopping resistant dikes
  * [[Hydrodynamic numerical models of wave-structure interaction]]
  19 KB (3,217 words) - 00:20, 9 March 2023
• Use of X-band and HF radar in marine hydrography
  ...Reistad, M. 2003. Validation and intercomparisons of wave measurements and models during the EuroROSE experiments. Coastal Engineering 48: 1-28</ref>) within
  36 KB (5,694 words) - 16:25, 28 January 2024
• AMBER
  The second step of AMBER is the application of models for future projections. To reduce the problem of model uncertainties, the e ...integrated on the “Research Level”. In a second step AMBER will apply models for future projections. To reduce the problem of model uncertainties, the e
  2 KB (364 words) - 12:01, 31 August 2011
• Nearshore sandbars
  ...migration. Ocean Modelling 181, 102138</ref>. Application of wave-averaged models in practice requires tuning of the various model parameters to observations ...stood, although some qualitative features are reproduced by semi-empirical models<ref>Splinter, K.D., Gonzalez, M.V.G., Oltman-Shay, J., Rutten, J. and Holma
  24 KB (3,613 words) - 17:34, 14 November 2023
• The need for data sharing
  ...ed ICZM Governance Platform with scientists and end-users, linked with new models of governance. The '''PEGASO ICZM Platform''' will be '''supported by''' th
  10 KB (1,473 words) - 12:01, 25 July 2020
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management: analysis of the environmental condition of the coastal area of the Northern Range of Trinidad
  ...iott 2002">Elliott, M. 2002. The role of the DPSIR approach and conceptual models in marine environmental management: an example for offshore wind power. Mar
  20 KB (2,944 words) - 10:35, 10 August 2019
• Deep ocean observatories
  ...lity in the oceans including ecosystem dynamics and nutrient cycling. Such models will help predict future changes in the oceans and their feedback effects o ...ales and to predict future climate change using increasingly more accurate models.
  10 KB (1,459 words) - 14:43, 7 November 2013
• Green Ocean modelling
  ...do these changes impact marine ecosystems? To answer this we need better models capable of capturing the dynamics of marine ecosystems, and adequate and co Dynamic Green Ocean Models are mathematical representations of the ocean which include ocean currents,
  11 KB (1,591 words) - 16:18, 12 September 2023
• Ecosystem Approach to the South African small pelagic fishery
  ...tracking to assess foraging ranges; minimum realistic models; spatialised models of pelagic fish around seabird colonies ...provide information on ecosystem effects of fishing; develop expert system models to detect ecosystem changes (using indicators); compare ecosystem functioni
  9 KB (1,309 words) - 20:57, 3 September 2020
• Ecosystem Approach to the South African West Coast lobster fishery
  ...abalone east of Cape Hangklip; take into account trophic interactions and models in management; maintain or achieve 25% spawner-biomass threshold limit for
  11 KB (1,513 words) - 16:51, 26 December 2020
• Monitoring changes in North Atlantic plankton communities
  * verify and validate models used to predict changes in marine ecosystems on the basis of climate scenar
  7 KB (1,087 words) - 12:44, 6 March 2022
• Monitoring keystone components of sub-Arctic foodwebs
  ...t scenarios to predict the outcome of vulnerable keystone species. Complex models are required to assess and forecast the impacts of climate and anthropogeni
  8 KB (1,240 words) - 23:02, 27 June 2020
• Ecosystem approach to marine resources (EAMR)
  ...processes to ecosystem-level patterns using models. The outputs of these models will be indicators of the state of the ecosystem, and will help managers to ...n ecology of marine ecosystems’, a move central to the EAMR. Exploratory models are required to investigate under which circumstances climatic, ecological
  8 KB (1,122 words) - 15:53, 10 September 2020
• Why are the oceans so important for us?
  *promote the use of marine organisms as models for a variety of problems and questions affecting daily life and for unders
  6 KB (833 words) - 16:09, 29 June 2020
• The Ocean provides opportunities for human health
  ==MARINE MODELS FOR HUMAN HEALTH== ...ance of genomic tools, several prime new developmental and neurobiological models are emerging. These include our most primitive vertebrate relative, the sea
  6 KB (949 words) - 12:18, 8 August 2019
• The Ocean as a unique laboratory
  ...ecological observations. Crucial here is the access to key «ecological» models. This is now being addressed via genomics on species such as the marine mic
  8 KB (1,265 words) - 12:12, 8 August 2019
• Agenda - Marine Genomics Europe
  *Promote marine organisms as models for a variety of problems affecting daily life, *Promote marine organisms as models for understanding evolution and the secrets of life.
  8 KB (1,219 words) - 12:06, 8 August 2019
• Integrating Climate Change into the ICZM planning process - Establishment
  The last of these, however, may require some downscaling of the models that predict the impacts.
  17 KB (2,747 words) - 22:16, 1 August 2019
• Integrating Climate Change into the ICZM planning process - Analysis and Future
  ...idth:650px; margin:0 auto">Table 3: Typical Data Reported from the Climate Models <br/> [[File:Typical Data Reported from the Climate Models Projections for SW England in the 2050s.png|650px|center]]
  23 KB (3,668 words) - 16:05, 5 February 2020
• Gravel Beaches
  ...s and early field studies lead to the subsequent development of parametric models for profile prediction, longshore transport and the stability of [[Barrier ...wave approach changes to an oblique angle. In the literature, two dominant models of cusp formation are recognised, namely edge wave forced and swash circula
  40 KB (6,109 words) - 17:19, 24 February 2023
• Wave energy converters in coastal structures
  ...erally not profitable if additional costs are incurred. However, numerical models show that optimizing the design of the OBREC can be cost effective. This st
  20 KB (3,003 words) - 15:51, 25 February 2023
• Coastal observation systems
  ...sights into the processes and are a main source for data assimilation into models. * to improve process parameterisations in numerical models,
  39 KB (5,933 words) - 22:32, 25 October 2020
• Modelling coastal hydrodynamics
  ...ls (CM) refer to the integrated and balanced use of physical and numerical models. Hydrodynamic modelling forms the basis for many modelling studies, whether ...modelling of coastal hydrodynamics using physical, numerical and composite models is described. Finally practical applications from the three methodologies a
  99 KB (15,083 words) - 13:37, 7 November 2021
• Dynamics of mud transport
  ...r wave action has traditionally been described by visco-elastic or plastic models, which allow analytical solutions under (over)simplified (1D) conditions. Cohesive sediment transport models for short to medium term predictions of morphological (trend) studies combi
  28 KB (4,158 words) - 16:19, 27 February 2023
• Ecological restoration of estuaries in North Western Europe
  ...aling with dredging of huge volumes of sediments. For instance, the use of models made their management more effective.
  36 KB (5,283 words) - 14:03, 2 March 2023
• Scaling Issues in Hydraulic Modelling
  ...ring as a profession <ref name="hughes 1993">Hughes, S. A., 1993. Physical Models and Laboratory Techniques in Coastal Engineering. Advanced Series on Ocean Numerical models represent the real problem but with some simplifications. Thus, the modelle
  54 KB (8,152 words) - 11:15, 7 September 2020
• Wave overtopping
  ...ef>Astorga-Moar, A. and Baldock, T.E. 2023. Assessment of wave overtopping models for fringing reef fronted beaches. Coastal Engineering 186, 104395</ref> co
  7 KB (1,059 words) - 17:19, 24 January 2024
• Marine Biotechnology
  ...science and technology to living organisms, as well as parts, products and models thereof, to alter living or non-living materials for the production of know
  2 KB (274 words) - 16:11, 3 August 2016
• Marine Biotechnology in Portugal
  ...rporate and contractual relationships, Structuring supply and distribution models , Mergers, acquisitions, Regulatory and Public Procurement, Instruments of
  14 KB (2,008 words) - 10:00, 10 August 2019
• Past initiatives to define capacity building needs in ICZM
  ...professionals, to assess needs for ICZM training and education, to develop models of ICZM training and education, and to develop strategies for carrying out
  5 KB (713 words) - 17:56, 28 August 2020
• Past EU-funded coastal research projects
  ...namics in estuaries and coastal zones with Integrated NUmerical SImulation models * [[MODELKEY]] Models for assessing and forecasting the impact of key pollutants on marine and fr
  7 KB (873 words) - 11:50, 17 February 2024
• Dune development
  ...E.J., Maia, P. and Granja, H.M. 2013. Recalibrating aeolian sand transport models. Earth Surf. Landforms 38: 169–178</ref>.
  21 KB (3,125 words) - 23:07, 24 February 2023
• Marine Biotechnology at Pan-European level
  ...rovision of marine biological and/or ecological models with an emphasis on models for marine genomics.<ref name="ass">http://assemblemarine.org/</ref>
  31 KB (4,415 words) - 10:05, 10 August 2019
• European policy on eutrophication: introduction
  *the harmonisation of models for '''assessing or predicting anthropogenic or natural nutrient loading''' * harmonisation of dose-respons models '''linking nutrient loading to ecological impact''' in different water body
  5 KB (704 words) - 11:19, 29 August 2020
• Marine Biotechnology in New Zealand
  ...focuses on industry partnerships to accelerate innovation and develop new models of bioscience enterprise training. The co-location of companies in the IIB
  26 KB (3,643 words) - 11:37, 9 August 2019
• Sediment Budget
  ...[accretion]] in stores and sinks. These estimates may come from numerical models but are more likely to be derived from data; ...t rate may come from data but are more likely to be derived from numerical models; and
  2 KB (271 words) - 13:25, 7 November 2021
• Enabling a shared information infrastructure for Mediterranean and Black Sea basins
  ...ization''' is the process of comparing similar conceptual and logical data models to determine the common data elements, similar data elements and dissimilar
  18 KB (2,755 words) - 11:16, 25 July 2020
• European coastal and marine observatories (2020)
  ...nt. Although serious progress has been achieved in the predictive power of models to simulate coastal zone dynamics, calibration with field data remains nece
  47 KB (6,585 words) - 12:44, 8 September 2020
• Climate adaptation measures for the coastal zone
  ...requires observation records of sufficient length and numerical simulation models of local hydrodynamic conditions. This information must be regularly update
  30 KB (4,609 words) - 12:46, 15 November 2023
• Fisheries in De Panne
  ...f the fishing village that De Panne used to be. The house contains several models of fishing vessels, pictures and all kinds of objects related with fishing.
  30 KB (4,545 words) - 12:47, 11 December 2014
• Study Cornwall and Scilly Isles
  Developing models of co-management and co-operation in such a complex and highly diverse flee
  13 KB (1,925 words) - 22:10, 1 August 2019
• Artificial Neural Networks and coastal applications
  ...and Kistler, 2002<ref>Gerstner, W. and Kistler, W.M. 2002. Spiking Neuron Models. Single Neurons, Populations, Plasticity. Cambridge University Press</ref>) Although models for artificial neural networks were originally developed to understand the
  29 KB (4,514 words) - 16:02, 21 September 2023
• Evaluate non market value of fishing activities
  ...oice sets). In order to optimise the parameter estimates of random utility models, while limiting the number of choices proposed to individuals, an efficient ...acteristics allows to show some explained individual heterogeneity in both models. However, the random parameters model is more flexible because it introduce
  10 KB (1,511 words) - 22:15, 31 July 2019
• Model species for marine biotechnology
  ...evolutionary more closely related to humans than other major invertebrate models in use. Almost everything we know about the chromosomal basis of developmen ...ed by aquatic pathogens without causing disease. This makes them excellent models for the study of fish acting as a pathogen reservoir.<ref
  6 KB (895 words) - 11:08, 9 August 2019
• Seawater intrusion and mixing in estuaries
  ...nt-type dispersive transport in one-dimensional tidally averaged transport models. Est.Coast.Shelf Sci. 14: 599-621</ref>, but only on the flow characteristi
  48 KB (7,481 words) - 15:07, 2 July 2023
• Coriolis and tidal motion in shelf seas
  ...seas which is essential for interpreting the results of complex numerical models.
  29 KB (4,811 words) - 11:24, 16 September 2021
• Salt wedge estuaries
  ...ed by a non-uniform river geometry, by waves, wind and shipping. Numerical models can partly quantify these influences, but it is difficult to accurately pre
  23 KB (3,588 words) - 17:48, 7 December 2022
• Estuarine circulation
  ...ays, the intrusion if seawater in an estuary can be simulated in numerical models that incorporate detailed descriptions of turbulent exchange processes and ...ssical tide-averaged theory. These processes can be simulated in numerical models in which the turbulent exchange processes of momentum and salinity and the
  39 KB (5,906 words) - 23:22, 24 May 2023
• Coral Molecular Biomarkers
  ...on, and bioavailability in the North Pacific Ocean: Insights from data and models. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23(2), p.GB2010.
  50 KB (7,106 words) - 12:42, 14 September 2020
• Coastal hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes and engineering
  * [[How to apply models]] ...atical formulation of major physical processes that should be addressed in models for different types of coastal systems (sediment transport formulas are add
  20 KB (2,422 words) - 12:26, 20 February 2024
• Morphology of estuaries
  ...92<ref>Dalrymple, R.W., Zaitlin, B.A. and Boyd, R. (1992) Estuarine facies models: conceptual basis and stratigraphic implications. J. Sediment. Petrol. 62: ...ertain morphologic patterns. This is explained in the articles [[Stability models]] and [[Rhythmic shoreline features]]. Field observations show that estuari
  87 KB (13,505 words) - 12:18, 20 January 2024
• Bed roughness and friction factors in estuaries
  ...ese phenomena are accounted for individually and explicitly in operational models. ==1D models==
  11 KB (1,741 words) - 18:18, 4 February 2023
• Sediment transport formulas for the coastal environment
  ...st one to include phase-lag effects. Similar to the Bailard and Ribberink models, it breaks down the sediment transport into two half-cycles due to the pres :[[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  36 KB (5,680 words) - 17:54, 31 August 2022
• Physical processes and morphology of synchronous estuaries
  ...ughness (linked to surficial sediments or flora and fauna). Likewise, such models can provide estimates of the variations in salinity distributions (ebb to f [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]]
  50 KB (7,345 words) - 17:09, 2 July 2020
• Harbour porpoise in the Belgian part of the North Sea
  ...alogus?module=ref&refid=260957 Gilles ''et al.'', 2016] <ref name="Habitat models North Sea" />). ...face temperature, proxies for fronts and daylength) were considered. These models produced seasonal maps of the predicted densities of harbour porpoises in t
  77 KB (11,773 words) - 16:58, 17 February 2024
• Wave-dominated river deltas
  ...ic and stratigraphic evolution of deltaic depositional systems, in Deltas, Models for Exploration, edited by M. L. Broussard, pp. 86–98, Houston Geological ...elta grows <ref>Coleman, J. M. (1981), Deltas. Processes of Deposition and Models for Exploration, 2nd ed., Burgess Publishing Company. </ref>. In 1975, Gall
  13 KB (1,953 words) - 21:33, 3 July 2020
• Beach Cusps
  ...o sand waves, from sandbars to shoreface-connected ridges (see [[Stability models]], [[Wave ripples]], [[Rhythmic shoreline features]], [[Sand ridges in shel These feedbacks have been tested through numerical models (Werner and Fink, 1993<ref name=WF></ref>; Coco et al., 2000<ref> Coco, G.,
  11 KB (1,666 words) - 16:48, 7 October 2022
• Decision Support Systems for coastal risk assessment and management
  ...ation measures. A DSS will generally integrate the relevant environmental models, database and assessment tools - coupled within a Graphic User Interface (G * It supports decision-making based on a balance between deterministic models and expert judgement.
  17 KB (2,405 words) - 11:54, 20 February 2024
• Bedforms and roughness
  ...ming a linear stability analysis, as explained in the articles [[Stability models]] and [[Wave ripple formation]]. In this way it is possible to understand t :[[Stability models]]
  26 KB (4,021 words) - 12:32, 13 March 2023
• Sand transport
  [[Definitions, processes and models in morphology]] [[Process-based morphological models]]
  42 KB (6,585 words) - 21:05, 30 December 2023
• Estuarine morphological modelling
  ...useful information on certain aspects of estuarine morphology with simpler models. In this chapter we will describe some of these simpler model concepts, as ...of meso-tidal barrier island coasts, Part I: Empirical and semi-empirical models. In: Liu PL (ed.), Advances in Coastal and Ocean Engineering, Vol. 2, World
  36 KB (5,524 words) - 21:38, 28 June 2019
• Shelf sea exchange with the ocean
  ...approach to better representation of ocean-shelf interaction is to develop models with fine resolution (of order 1 km). These then need testing against deta
  34 KB (5,118 words) - 12:02, 29 June 2020
• Extreme storms
  ...xtreme than those observed. Univariate Extreme Value Theory (EVT) includes models for<ref> Coles, S., 2001. “An introduction to statistical modeling of ext * Exceedances over high thresholds (Peaks Over Threshold (POT) models)
  25 KB (3,812 words) - 20:36, 18 September 2023
• Sand ridges in shelf seas
  ...e seabed is unstable to infinitesimal small perturbations (see [[Stability models]]). ...re stage. It appears that the ridges simulated in these detailed numerical models are very similar to the ridges observed in nature, see de Swart and Yuan (2
  22 KB (3,464 words) - 15:25, 24 April 2021
• Siltation in harbors and fairways
  ...teristics; the design should be tested in physical or numerical simulation models to optimise effectiveness. When planning harbor construction or harbor exte ...ibly even eroding. Advanced three-dimensional numerical sediment transport models yield a similar prediction, at least qualitatively. This result conflicts w
  33 KB (5,130 words) - 15:57, 27 February 2023
• Rhythmic shoreline features
  ...lling studies have confirmed it in different conditions and with different models <ref name=RR>Reniers, A. J. H. M., J. A. Roelvink, and E. B. Thornton (200 ...nd edition, World Scientific Publ. Co., Singapore</ref> and in [[Stability models]]. A more detailed formulation can be found in <ref name=DB>Dodd, N., P. Bl
  41 KB (6,530 words) - 10:19, 3 July 2022
• Swash zone dynamics
  ...ry well by parametric models, perhaps more accurately than phase-resolving models, particularly wave runup. ...ormulations to measurements from a range of beaches and concluded that the models generally predict runup with errors of order <math>\pm 25 \%</math>.
  32 KB (4,942 words) - 12:58, 5 April 2021
• Wave ripples
  Both a simple dimensional analysis and idealized models, based on linear stability analyses (see the
  20 KB (3,172 words) - 14:32, 29 June 2019
• Shallow-water wave theory
  ...tion, cf Equation (14)). Koutitas <ref>Koutitas, G.K., 1988. Mathematical Models in Coastal Engineering, Pentech Press, London. </ref> gives a worked exampl ...ate along the shore, seabed friction is now normally included in numerical models, although an appropriate value for the wave friction factor remains uncerta
  86 KB (13,927 words) - 12:36, 3 May 2023
• Wave ripple formation
  ==Models of ripple formation== Idealized models allow to predict the conditions leading to the appearance of ripples and so
  38 KB (6,021 words) - 21:14, 3 July 2020
• Ecosystem services
  ...indirectly or through models such as spatial proxy models or process-based models. Flood protection for example could be measured directly through site obser
  28 KB (4,079 words) - 22:20, 6 April 2024
• Littoral drift and shoreline modelling
  ...991b. "Comparison of shoreline change obtained with physical and numerical models," Proceedings Coastal Sediments '91, ASCE, 1785-1813.</ref>). :[[Stability Models: Linear and nonlinear]] A. Falques
  26 KB (4,053 words) - 13:58, 30 April 2024
• Characteristics of sedimentary shores
  ...</ref> and later exploited by Dean (1973) <ref>Dean, R.G., 1973. Heuristic models of sand transport in the surf zone. Proceedings of Conference on Engineerin ...<ref> Short, A. D. and Aagaard, T. 1993. Single and multi-bar beach change models. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 15: 141-157.</ref>.
  24 KB (3,854 words) - 16:00, 30 June 2020
• Shoreface profile
  ...35/m936, Delft Hydraul. Lab., Delft </ref><ref> Dean, R.G. 1973. Heuristic models of sand transport in the surf zone. Proc. Conf. Eng. Dynamics in the Surf Z ...ccretion patterns produced by cross-shore sediment transport. Mathematical models are often used as interpretation tools.
  59 KB (9,016 words) - 11:16, 19 April 2024
• Ocean and shelf tides
  ...nder J. 2013. A comparison of tidal conversion parameterizations for tidal models. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 43: 104-119</ref>. Other factors that need to be taken
  27 KB (4,146 words) - 23:36, 19 January 2024
• EU workshop (2007) on climate change and eutrophication
  ...cal time- series data. Others by using coupled climate-catchment-ecosystem models, or perhaps even using experimental mesocosms. It is essential that combina ...act and effect of eutrophication? The potential of application of existing models to aid understanding and projection of areas likely to experience heightene
  11 KB (1,645 words) - 20:28, 27 June 2020
• Measuring current fields in the German Bight by radar techniques
  ...eal time numerical modelling capacities (high resolution regional forecast models with data assimilation) and broadcast solutions for public warning.
  4 KB (639 words) - 17:44, 5 November 2019
• Threats to cold water coral reefs, sand banks and seagrass habitats in the North Sea by climate change effects
  ...UCC – Coastal Union 2007. Coastline Volume 16(1). Chapter Climate change models, p. 11</ref> ...ng-term field observations help scientists to build scenarios and work out models to deal with changes in:
  14 KB (2,043 words) - 18:40, 7 March 2023
• Coastal and marine sediments
  ...ence of a large range of bedforms, as explained in the article [[Stability models]]. The smallest bedforms, ripples, arise in places where bed sediments are ...1992)<ref>Dalrymple, R.W., Zaitlin, B.A., Boyd, R., 1992. Estuarine facies models: conceptual basis and stratigraphic implications. Journal of Sedimentary Pe
  56 KB (8,246 words) - 17:33, 30 December 2023
• Spatial and temporal scales in biogeomorphology
  ...er and C. Embleton-Hamann). Cambridge Univ. Press.</ref>. However, climate models also predict increases in the frequency and intensity of storms, but at pre
  6 KB (900 words) - 22:24, 1 July 2020
• Effect of Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Area
  Climate models predict a 2-4ºC rise in water temperature along with a rise in sea levels
  14 KB (2,207 words) - 12:17, 21 February 2024
• Field Observation Techniques, State of the Art 2012
  ..., Estuaries and Coastal Seas]]. They range from definitions, processes and models to measuring instruments as well as laboratory and in situ analyses of samp ...odels, calibration of models and sequential data assimilation into dynamic models. A concrete application of data assimilation into a model would be very use
  15 KB (2,177 words) - 13:39, 7 December 2023
• European Action Plan Theme Pollution prevention, detection and mitigation
  ...to help predict the fate of these pollutants. Transport and dissemination models are implemented by universities, but only seldom used for operational goals ...d by investigating the reliability of SGD estimations based on groundwater models calibrated using groundwater level data, which are available in many cases.
  27 KB (4,006 words) - 18:23, 23 February 2019
• European Action Plan Theme Ecomorphology and habitat restoration
  |Identify and quantify processes and functions, incorporate these into models and develop scenarios of different spatial and temporal scales | Improved estuarine and coastal models capable of forecasting biogeomorphological change under different scenarios
  10 KB (1,499 words) - 12:55, 2 March 2023
• Nature-based shore protection
  ...larger scale ecosystem functioning which may benefit developing predictive models of biocomplex responses to predicted sea-level rise and global climate chan
  69 KB (10,397 words) - 17:04, 17 April 2024
• Multifunctionality and Valuation in coastal zones: concepts, approaches, tools and case studies
  ..., [[supply chain analysis]] or on [[computable general equilibrium]] (CGE) models. :[[Computable general equilibrium]] - class of economic models that use actual economic data to estimate how an economy might react to cha
  23 KB (3,467 words) - 18:50, 21 February 2024
• Biogeomorphology of coastal systems
  ...to estimate correctly the effect of bioturbation on the sediment balance, models must therefore be able to simulate the spatial distribution of the size cla ...d by adding a limited number of algorithms to existing hydro-morphological models. Borsje et al. (2008<ref name="Borsje et al. 2007"> Borsje, B.W., de Vries,
  15 KB (2,154 words) - 18:43, 7 March 2023
• Marine data portals and tools
  ...Data comes from satellites, in-situ (direct ocean sampling), and numerical models that cover the global ocean. OpenEarth is a free and open source initiative to deal with Data, Models and Tools in earth science & engineering projects, currently mainly marine
  25 KB (3,541 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2021
• Capacity Building, Training and Education for ICZM in Europe
  ...nity for Europe to take full advantage of its own capacity and develop new models for capacity building, partly based on international experience yet tailore
  18 KB (2,660 words) - 15:13, 5 October 2021
• Natural variability and change in coastal ecosystems
  ...anges can usually be determined by management practices. Based on computer models, the global air temperature is expected to increase by an additional 1.4 to ...ed at combining the respective benefits of global system analyses (trophic models of biomass flows), detailed process studies (simulation packages) and a ris
  28 KB (4,152 words) - 12:34, 6 March 2022
• Tidal bore dynamics
  ===Physical models=== ===Numerical models===
  46 KB (6,918 words) - 13:06, 20 January 2024
• Dam break flow
  ...y of the flood wave propagation. The problem can be tackled with numerical models, but rough estimates and insight into the tidal wave dynamics can be obtain ...tter term being proportional to the square of the flow velocity. With such models the shape of the bore in the friction-dominated zone is given by<ref> Baldo
  20 KB (3,178 words) - 16:41, 10 August 2022
• Wave run-up
  ...D.P. and Baldock, T.E. 2017. Assessment of runup predictions by empirical models on non-truncated beaches on the south-east Australian coast. Coast. Eng. 11 ...ong-term observations. Coastal Engineering 169, 103957</ref> and numerical models<ref>Guza, R.T. and Feddersen, F. 2012. Effect of wave frequency and directi
  7 KB (1,082 words) - 13:00, 18 April 2024
• Stability of rubble mound breakwaters and shore revetments
  ...0. Damage in Rubble Mound Breakwaters. Part I: Historical Review of Damage Models. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 8, 317</ref>. Start of damage is often associated with v ..., D_{n50}}\normalsize </math>, generally based on experiments in hydraulic models (laboratory flumes). One of the most simple and often used formulas is from
  53 KB (8,270 words) - 18:27, 26 March 2024
• The backbarrier tidal flats in the southern North Sea - A multidisciplinary approach to reveal the main driving forces shaping the system
  ...ement campaigns, because – as long time-series datasets and mathematical models later demonstrated – the main loss of fine-grained material from the tida ==The tidal flats in mathematical models==
  22 KB (3,418 words) - 22:48, 2 July 2023
• Sediment transport
  ...is the motion of a fluid mud layer along the seabed. In most mathematical models, the computation of sediment transport is based on empirical relationships
  1 KB (150 words) - 16:28, 27 March 2021
• Coastal morphodynamics
  :[[Stability models]] :[[Process-based morphological models]]
  2 KB (219 words) - 11:39, 29 March 2021
• Sand spit
  Several studies show that simple mathematical models that couple shoreline evolution to longshore sediment transport are capable ...incidence is inherently unstable, as explained in the article [[Stability models]]. Different types of shoreline structures may arise, depending on the type
  11 KB (1,784 words) - 16:25, 9 May 2023
• Swash
  ...ating water infiltration and exfiltration. The capability of process-based models to simulate these fine-scale processes is very limited. The contribution of
  3 KB (447 words) - 20:17, 1 November 2022
• Wave set-up
  .... P. and Baldock, T. E. 2017. Assessment of runup predictions by empirical models on non‐truncated beaches on the south‐east Australian coast. Coastal En ...ates of the wave set-up require in-situ observations or detailed numerical models.
  6 KB (925 words) - 20:23, 16 April 2023
• Breaker index
  ...d from laboratory experiments, field observations and numerical simulation models. Reviews of the various methods and formulas have been given by Camenen and ...and Guza, R. 2008. Testing and calibrating parametric wave transformation models on natural beaches. Coast. Eng. 55: 224–235</ref>) found a linear dependa
  21 KB (3,346 words) - 16:17, 6 April 2024
• Embayed beaches
  ...ds equilibrium. If beach rotation is the main subject of interest, simpler models can be used, provided data is available for calibration of the model parame
  13 KB (2,008 words) - 16:12, 3 October 2021
• Linear regression analysis of coastal processes
  ...A.H. and Soulsby, R.L. 2004. Evaluating the performance of morphological models. Coastal Engineering 51, pp. 917-939. </ref>). Here the baseline predicti
  11 KB (1,823 words) - 17:22, 20 November 2021
• Harbor resonance
  ...well with numerical models<ref name=B76>Berkhof, J.C.W. 1976. Mathematical models for simple linear water waves, refraction and diffraction. PhD Thesis Delft Physical scale models can also be used for harbor design studies, but correct simulation of frict
  18 KB (2,870 words) - 15:49, 9 May 2024
• Reflective beach
  ...935/m936, Delft Hydraul. Lab., Delft </ref><ref>Dean, R.G. 1973. Heuristic models of sand transport in the surf zone. Proc. Conf. Eng. Dynamics in the Surf Z
  1 KB (184 words) - 10:57, 25 August 2022
• Dissipative beach
  ...935/m936, Delft Hydraul. Lab., Delft </ref><ref>Dean, R.G. 1973. Heuristic models of sand transport in the surf zone. Proc. Conf. Eng. Dynamics in the Surf Z
  1 KB (186 words) - 10:59, 25 August 2022
• Shoreline retreat and recovery
  The above shoreline prediction models are restricted to beaches where shoreline change is dominated by cross-shor Shoreline change prediction models are useful tools for coastal management and planning.
  29 KB (4,526 words) - 12:45, 24 April 2024
• Ocean carbon sink
  .../sub>) and compared to simulation results from global ocean biogeochemical models. There is growing evidence and consistency among methods with regard to the ...to climate change impacts and their treatment in biogeochemical ecosystem models. Marine Pollution Bulletin 166: 112223</ref><ref>Bindoff, N.L., Cheung, W.W
  12 KB (1,798 words) - 22:09, 23 April 2024
• Coral islands
  ...ing the 21st century. Owen Anthropocene 33, 100282</ref>. Observations and models suggest that this can be explained by the influx of sediment eroded from th
  8 KB (1,229 words) - 20:45, 2 April 2024
• Tidal channel meandering and marsh erosion
  ...el. Geomorphology 243: 116–129</ref>; mainstream numerical morphodynamic models use crude parameterizations that require field data for calibration. The in
  9 KB (1,309 words) - 23:14, 20 February 2023
• Tidal rivers
  ...c interplay of rivers, waves, storms and tides. In: River Deltas: Concepts Models and Examples. SEPM Special Publication 83: 49–85</ref>. They are mainly o
  14 KB (2,146 words) - 12:57, 23 June 2023
• Vulnerability and risk
  ...f occurrence of disruptive events usually require process-based simulation models and statistical analyses. Many decision support tools have been developed t
  12 KB (1,762 words) - 17:15, 23 September 2023
• Satellite-derived nearshore bathymetry
  ...bathymetry from the remote sensing reflectance. Most methods are based on models that require bathymetric data from other sources for calibration. One of th ...., Rodriguez-Perez, D. and Marquez-Perez, J. 2014. Assessment of different models for bathymetry calculation using SPOT multispectral images in a high-turbid
  32 KB (4,966 words) - 22:35, 9 February 2024
• Plankton remote sensing
  ...e satellite data with datasets from other sources (in situ data, ecosystem models) and analyze them with statistical methods.<ref name=BP/>
  7 KB (1,053 words) - 11:14, 20 February 2024
• Plankton remote sensing North Sea
  ...tly empirical, but for coastal waters they are based on radiative transfer models in most cases.
  12 KB (1,838 words) - 18:29, 12 February 2024

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